Difficulty: Medium
Calculate the warp end count for 120 cm of fabric at 24 ends per cm.
A 1,440 ends
B 2,880 ends
C 2,400 ends
D 288 ends
Answer: B. 2,880 ends. Multiply width by warp density: 120 cm × 24 ends/cm = 2,880 ends.
At 18 PPI, how many picks fall within a 10-inch sample?
A 18 picks
B 90 picks
C 160 picks
D 180 picks
Answer: D. 180 picks. At 18 picks per inch, a 10-inch length contains 18 × 10 = 180 picks.
What warp length is needed for 100 m of fabric at 5% crimp?
A 105 m
B 95 m
C 100 m
D 5 m
Answer: A. 105 m. A 5% crimp allowance adds 5 m to 100 m of fabric length, giving about 105 m of warp.
To raise PPI at constant loom speed, how should cloth take-up per pick change?
A Increase it
B Keep it fixed
C Decrease it
D Reverse warp feed
Answer: C. Decrease it. With pick insertion unchanged, reducing cloth advance per pick packs more picks into each inch.
When width grows from 100 cm to 120 cm at 40 EPI, how does the required end count change?
A Decrease 20%
B Double the count
C No change
D Increase 20%
Answer: D. Increase 20%. At constant EPI, required ends scale with width: 120 cm is 20% wider than 100 cm.
Why should a broken weft stop be registered before the next beat-up?
A Preserve beam diameter
B Avoid beat-up without a pick
C Reduce warp count
D Shorten the selvedge
Answer: B. Avoid beat-up without a pick. Stopping before beat-up prevents the reed from packing a missing pick into the fabric.
Under a straight draft, warp ends with identical interlacement can share what?
A Different shuttle boxes
B Separate warp beams
C The same heald shaft
D One cloth roller
Answer: C. The same heald shaft. A draft assigns warp ends to heald shafts; ends with identical interlacement can use the same shaft.
Which repeat dimensions describe a 2/1 twill?
A Three by three
B Two by two
C Four by four
D Two by three
Answer: A. Three by three. The 2/1 interlacement repeats after three warp ends and three picks.
At 240 rpm, with one pick per revolution, what is the nominal pick rate?
A 120 picks/min
B 180 picks/min
C 200 picks/min
D 240 picks/min
Answer: D. 240 picks/min. One pick per revolution at 240 revolutions per minute gives 240 picks per minute.
For an 80-dent reed spanning 10 cm and carrying two ends per dent, what warp density results?
A 8 ends/cm
B 16 ends/cm
C 40 ends/cm
D 80 ends/cm
Answer: B. 16 ends/cm. The reed has 8 dents per cm; two ends per dent give 16 ends per cm.
Given 30 ends/cm and 20 picks/cm, how many end-pick intersections occur per cm²?
A 50 crossings
B 300 crossings
C 600 crossings
D 1,200 crossings
Answer: C. 600 crossings. The approximate intersection count is 30 ends/cm × 20 picks/cm = 600 per cm².
At 300 picks/min and 50 PPI, what cloth advance is expected, ignoring crimp?
A 6 in/min
B 3 in/min
C 10 in/min
D 15 in/min
Answer: A. 6 in/min. Divide pick rate by PPI: 300 picks/min ÷ 50 picks/in = 6 inches per minute.
How many warp ends span a 24-inch width at 40 EPI?
A 64 ends
B 600 ends
C 840 ends
D 960 ends
Answer: D. 960 ends. Multiply width by warp density: 24 inches × 40 ends/in = 960 ends.
If a loom inserts 360 picks/min while cloth advances 6 in/min, what is the loom-state PPI?
A 30 PPI
B 45 PPI
C 50 PPI
D 60 PPI
Answer: D. 60 PPI. Divide pick rate by cloth advance: 360 picks/min ÷ 6 inches/min = 60 PPI.
How many complete 4-end satin repeats fit across 32 warp ends?
A 4 repeats
B 8 repeats
C 16 repeats
D 32 repeats
Answer: B. 8 repeats. Thirty-two warp ends divided by a four-end repeat gives eight complete repeats.
Individual warp-end selection is possible with which shedding system?
A Tappet
B Dobby
C Jacquard
D Crank
Answer: C. Jacquard. Jacquard shedding can select individual warp ends, supporting highly detailed patterns.
With a straight draft, how many heald frames are commonly used for plain weave?
A Two frames
B Three frames
C Four frames
D Eight frames
Answer: A. Two frames. A plain weave has a two-end repeat, so a straight draft commonly uses two heald frames.
Faulty take-up gears can produce periodic pick-spacing bands known as what?
A Warp streaks
B Weft bars
C Broken ends
D Reed hooks
Answer: B. Weft bars. Periodic take-up variation changes pick spacing and can produce a weft-bar defect.
What mechanism decelerates the shuttle as it enters the receiving box?
A Let-off
B Shedding
C Beat-up
D Shuttle checking
Answer: D. Shuttle checking. Shuttle checking absorbs shuttle motion and controls its stop in the receiving box.
Why is a shuttle checked at the box after crossing the shed?
A Control its final position
B Increase warp density
C Open the next shed
D Change fabric width
Answer: A. Control its final position. Checking controls shuttle speed and terminal position, supporting reliable transfer into the next pick.
With an eight-hour shift at 90% loom efficiency, how many hours is the loom effectively running?
A 6.2 hours
B 7.0 hours
C 7.2 hours
D 8.9 hours
Answer: C. 7.2 hours. Effective running time is 8 hours × 0.90 = 7.2 hours.
What fabric width is represented by 2,000 ends drawn at 50 ends per cm?
A 25 cm
B 40 cm
C 50 cm
D 100 cm
Answer: B. 40 cm. Width equals total ends divided by ends per cm: 2,000 ÷ 50 = 40 cm.
Which shedding mechanism is commonly used for simple repeating patterns with few shafts?
A Jacquard head
B Air-jet system
C Water-jet system
D Tappet or cam
Answer: D. Tappet or cam. Tappet or cam shedding is commonly used for simple, regularly repeating patterns with limited shafts.
Compared with a basic tappet, what can a dobby control more flexibly?
A More heald frames
B More cloth rollers
C More warp beams
D More reed dents
Answer: A. More heald frames. A dobby selects among more heald frames than a simple tappet arrangement, allowing more pattern variation.
Water-jet insertion is best suited to yarns that are what?
A Highly absorbent
B Very hairy
C Hydrophobic
D Low-twist only
Answer: C. Hydrophobic. Water-jet looms are suited to hydrophobic yarns; NPTEL notes that they process only hydrophobic materials.