1. On what date did the Constituent Assembly adopt the Constitution of India?
A 26 November 1949
B 15 August 1947
C 26 November 1950
D 26 January 1950
The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution on 26 November 1949. The document came into force later, on 26 January 1950, so adoption and commencement are different milestones.
2. When did the Constitution of India come into force?
A 26 November 1949
B 26 January 1950
C 26 January 1951
D 15 August 1947
The Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950. This date began the Republic of India under the new constitutional system and is celebrated each year as Republic Day.
3. Which body prepared and adopted the Constitution of India?
A Constituent Assembly
B Election Commission
C Supreme Court
D Planning Commission
The Constituent Assembly debated, prepared, and adopted the Constitution. It included representatives from British Indian provinces and princely states and worked through committees and detailed discussions.
4. Who chaired the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly?
A Dr Rajendra Prasad
B Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
C Jawaharlal Nehru
D Dr B. R. Ambedkar
Dr B. R. Ambedkar chaired the Drafting Committee. The committee shaped the draft text, while the full Constituent Assembly discussed and approved constitutional provisions.
5. Which words begin the Preamble to the Constitution of India?
A The States of India
B We, the People of India
C The Parliament of India
D The Government of India
The Preamble begins with “We, the People of India.” These words express that the Constitution derives its authority from the people of India.
6. In a republic, how is the head of state different from a hereditary monarch?
A The head serves for life
B The head is chosen by a court
C The head is elected
D The head inherits the office
A republic has an elected head of state rather than a hereditary monarch. In India, the President is elected indirectly by an electoral college.
7. What does “sovereign” mean in the Preamble?
A India has no states
B India has one political party
C India has no written laws
D India is independent
Sovereign means India is independent and can make its own decisions in domestic and international matters, subject to its Constitution and obligations under international law.
8. What was the original structure of the Constitution when it commenced?
A 448 Articles, 25 Parts, 12 Schedules
B 395 Articles, 22 Parts, 8 Schedules
C 250 Articles, 18 Parts, 6 Schedules
D 300 Articles, 20 Parts, 10 Schedules
At commencement, the Constitution contained 395 Articles arranged in 22 Parts and had 8 Schedules. Later amendments added provisions and schedules, changing its structure over time.
9. Which amendment added the words “Socialist” and “Secular” to the Preamble?
A 44th Amendment
B 52nd Amendment
C 42nd Amendment
D 1st Amendment
The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 added “Socialist” and “Secular” to the Preamble and also added “Integrity” to the phrase about the unity of the nation.
10. Which Article sets out the main procedure for amending the Constitution?
A Article 110
B Article 356
C Article 368
D Article 32
Article 368 provides Parliament’s constitutional amending power and the procedure for many amendments. Some amendments also require approval by at least half of the State Legislatures.
11. In which Part of the Constitution are Fundamental Rights mainly found?
A Part IV
B Part V
C Part III
D Part I
Part III contains the Fundamental Rights, mainly in Articles 12 to 35. These rights protect individuals and groups, and courts can enforce them under constitutional procedures.
12. In which Part are the Directive Principles of State Policy placed?
A Part IV
B Part III
C Part VI
D Part II
Part IV contains the Directive Principles of State Policy. They guide governments in making laws and policies, but Article 37 says courts cannot enforce them directly.
13. Where does the Constitution list Fundamental Duties?
A Part III-A
B Part V-A
C Part II-A
D Part IV-A
Fundamental Duties are listed in Part IV-A, under Article 51A. The 42nd Amendment inserted the original list, and a later amendment added one more duty.
14. Which Article lets a person approach the Supreme Court to enforce Fundamental Rights?
A Article 51A
B Article 32
C Article 19
D Article 14
Article 32 gives people the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights. Dr Ambedkar described this remedy as the Constitution’s heart and soul.
15. What is the Constitution of India in relation to other laws?
A A local rule
B A government order
C A state law
D The supreme law
The Constitution is the supreme law of India. Laws and government actions must follow it, and courts may review measures that conflict with constitutional provisions.
16. Which earlier law strongly influenced the administrative framework of the Constitution?
A Government of India Act, 1935
B Charter Act, 1813
C Indian Councils Act, 1909
D Regulating Act, 1773
The Government of India Act, 1935 supplied many administrative features and institutional ideas used in the Constitution. The Constituent Assembly adapted them to an independent republic.
17. When did the Constituent Assembly hold its first meeting?
A 9 December 1946
B 26 January 1950
C 26 November 1949
D 15 August 1947
The Constituent Assembly first met on 9 December 1946. The meeting took place before independence, while India was still under British rule.
18. Who served as the temporary president at the first meeting of the Constituent Assembly?
A Jawaharlal Nehru
B Sachchidananda Sinha
C Dr B. R. Ambedkar
D Dr Rajendra Prasad
Sachchidananda Sinha presided temporarily over the Assembly’s first meeting. Dr Rajendra Prasad was elected as its permanent President two days later.
19. Who was elected President of the Constituent Assembly?
A Sachchidananda Sinha
B Dr Rajendra Prasad
C Dr B. R. Ambedkar
D Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Dr Rajendra Prasad was elected President of the Constituent Assembly on 11 December 1946. He later became the first President of the Republic of India.
20. About how long did the Constituent Assembly take to frame the Constitution?
A 3 years, 6 months, 20 days
B 4 years, 2 months, 5 days
C 2 years, 11 months, 18 days
D 2 years, 11 months, 17 days
The official parliamentary record gives the time as two years, eleven months, and seventeen days. The Assembly held eleven sessions, and this total is a useful fixed fact for exam preparation.
21. Why was 26 January chosen as the date for the Constitution to come into force?
A It was the first Assembly meeting
B It was the date of the first election
C It recalled Purna Swaraj Day
D It was the day of independence
The date recalled the Purna Swaraj declaration, observed on 26 January 1930. Choosing it connected the new Republic with the freedom movement’s demand for complete independence.
22. Which Part of the Constitution deals with citizenship?
A Part IV
B Part VI
C Part I
D Part II
Part II, Articles 5 to 11, deals with citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution and gives Parliament power to make laws on citizenship.
23. How does Article 1 describe India?
A A Union of States
B A group of independent states
C A confederation of regions
D A federation of provinces
Article 1 says, “India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.” The wording reflects a union whose states do not have a right to secede.
24. What is the main purpose of the Preamble?
A To name every state
B To describe court procedures
C To state constitutional ideals
D To list every law
The Preamble introduces the Constitution’s source, nature, and broad goals. It summarizes ideals such as justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity for the Republic.
25. What does “democratic” mean in the Indian constitutional system?
A Courts make every policy
B The monarch chooses ministers
C People choose representatives
D The army chooses lawmakers
India is a representative democracy: citizens choose representatives through elections. Elected institutions govern under constitutional limits and remain accountable through democratic processes.
26. Which statement best describes India’s constitutional secularism?
A The State has no official religion
B Each State must choose a religion
C Religious practice is banned
D Only one religion is protected
India has no official State religion. The Constitution protects freedom of conscience and religion and requires the State to treat people fairly across religious communities.
27. Which set of freedoms is named under “Liberty” in the Preamble?
A Speech, land, army, trade, election
B Work, wealth, rank, title, status
C Thought, expression, belief, faith, worship
D Trade, travel, tax, property, office
The Preamble promises liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship. Specific legal protections and limits are set out in the Constitution’s operative provisions.
28. What kind of equality does the Preamble promise?
A Equal jobs for every citizen
B Equality of status and opportunity
C Equal marks in every exam
D Equal income for every person
The Preamble promises equality of status and opportunity. It does not guarantee identical incomes or outcomes, but it supports equal treatment and fair access.
29. What does the Preamble associate with fraternity?
A A single political party
B One job for every person
C One language for all
D Dignity and national unity
Fraternity is linked in the Preamble with the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation. It encourages a shared civic bond.
30. What does “written Constitution” mean?
A Its rules are set out in a document
B It contains only court decisions
C It is written by one person
D It can never be amended
A written Constitution places its main rules and institutional arrangements in an authoritative document. India’s Constitution is detailed and may be amended through prescribed procedures.