Answer: D. Moving images with sound. Television combines moving pictures and sound to communicate information or entertainment.
Which device captures a scene as video?
A A television camera
B A mixing console
C An audio meter
D A loudspeaker
Answer: A. A television camera. A television camera captures light from a scene and turns it into a video signal or digital image data.
During a shoot, what can a camera operator control?
A Program sponsorship
B Guest booking
C Framing, focus, exposure
D Broadcast license
Answer: C. Framing, focus, exposure. Camera operators commonly manage framing and image settings such as focus and exposure.
Why use an establishing shot?
A Read the credits
B Show the setting
C Set transmission frequency
D Adjust studio lighting
Answer: B. Show the setting. An establishing shot helps viewers understand the location or wider context of a scene.
Which details does a close-up usually emphasize?
A Facial expression or detail
B The entire studio layout
C A program schedule
D The camera power level
Answer: A. Facial expression or detail. A close-up draws attention to a face, object, or other specific detail.
What camera movement sweeps horizontally?
A Tilt
B Dolly
C Zoom
D Pan
Answer: D. Pan. A pan rotates the camera horizontally from a fixed position.
How does a camera tilt move?
A Camera moves physically
B Lens zooms inward
C Camera points vertically
D Microphone rotates
Answer: C. Camera points vertically. A tilt rotates the camera up or down around a fixed position.
What distinguishes a dolly move from a pan?
A Only the lens changes focus
B The camera changes position
C The frame pans horizontally
D The camera tilts vertically
Answer: B. The camera changes position. A dolly physically moves the camera, while a pan rotates it from its position.
In the rule of thirds, where should key subjects sit?
A Center every subject
B Ignore the frame edges
C Use only close-ups
D Place subjects near grid intersections
Answer: D. Place subjects near grid intersections. The rule of thirds places important subjects near grid lines or their intersections to guide composition.
Before filming, how can a storyboard help a crew?
A A sequence of visual shots
B The station’s annual budget
C A camera’s serial number
D The audience’s viewing habits
Answer: A. A sequence of visual shots. A storyboard sketches planned shots or scenes in sequence before production.
Who guides a program’s creative and technical execution?
A The camera sensor
B The director
C The audience panel
D The program sponsor
Answer: B. The director. The director guides how a production is carried out, including its visual and technical elements.
Which role coordinates a program’s overall production?
A The video cable
B The studio monitor
C The producer
D The camera tripod
Answer: C. The producer. A producer organizes a program’s content, people, schedule, and other production needs.
In a live control room, what does a vision mixer select?
A Which source goes on air
B The program’s final rating
C The camera’s lens focus
D The show’s future budget
Answer: A. Which source goes on air. A vision mixer or production switcher selects which camera or video source appears on air.
Why prepare a television rundown?
A Calculate antenna length
B Track every viewer
C Print a newspaper page
D Sequence segments and timings
Answer: D. Sequence segments and timings. A rundown lists program items in order and helps the team manage timing.
During a presentation, how does a teleprompter help the anchor?
A Adjusts camera exposure
B Displays script while presenting
C Mixes studio audio
D Transmits the broadcast
Answer: B. Displays script while presenting. A teleprompter displays prepared copy near the camera so a presenter can read while looking toward viewers.
In a piece-to-camera, how is the reporter presented?
A A silent establishing shot
B A written interview transcript
C Reporter speaks directly to camera
D A station identification graphic
Answer: C. Reporter speaks directly to camera. In a piece-to-camera, the reporter addresses viewers directly on screen.
For what purpose might a report use voice-over?
A Narration over pictures
B A camera movement
C A program schedule
D A studio lighting filter
Answer: A. Narration over pictures. Voice-over is narration heard over accompanying video rather than a visible speaker talking to camera.
In a television report, what is B-roll?
A The main camera battery
B Supplementary video footage
C A station’s broadcast license
D The anchor’s written introduction
Answer: B. Supplementary video footage. B-roll is supporting footage that can illustrate or complement a report’s narration or interviews.
Why record cutaways during a shoot?
A Change the channel number
B Replace the main interview
C Set the frame rate
D Cover edits and add context
Answer: D. Cover edits and add context. Cutaways can cover edits and provide relevant visual context.
During editing, which segment is called a sound bite?
A A camera framing guide
B A full program rundown
C A short recorded quotation
D A television tuner
Answer: C. A short recorded quotation. A sound bite is a brief excerpt from recorded speech, often selected from an interview.
Which graphic often identifies a speaker near screen bottom?
A Lower third
B Opening title sequence
C Weather radar map
D Camera focus mark
Answer: A. Lower third. A lower third is an on-screen graphic, commonly placed in the lower portion, that can identify a person or topic.
Where does a live shot usually originate?
A A prewritten studio script
B A still photograph only
C Report transmitted from location
D A recorded theme song
Answer: C. Report transmitted from location. A live shot shows a reporter or event from a location as the report is transmitted.
How does a television news package combine material?
A Only a studio logo
B Script, visuals, and interviews
C Only a camera test
D A schedule and credits
Answer: B. Script, visuals, and interviews. A news package commonly combines a reporter’s script, video, and recorded interview material.
Why verify a video’s date and location?
A Increase screen brightness
B Replace interview questions
C Shorten the program
D Avoid misleading viewers
Answer: D. Avoid misleading viewers. Checking when and where footage was made helps prevent old or mislocated video from being presented as current.
In basic lighting, what is the key light’s role?
A Main subject illumination
B Background music
C Camera movement
D A station logo
Answer: A. Main subject illumination. In a basic lighting setup, the key light is the main light on the subject.
What does fill light do to shadows?
A Changes the camera angle
B Adds spoken narration
C Softens shadows
D Sets the frame rate
Answer: C. Softens shadows. Fill light reduces the contrast of shadows created by the key light.
Where is a backlight commonly placed?
A Inside the microphone
B Behind the subject
C Under the camera lens
D On the viewing screen
Answer: B. Behind the subject. A backlight is placed behind the subject to help separate the subject from the background.
Why white-balance a camera?
A Increase microphone volume
B Choose a TV channel
C Add a lower-third graphic
D Keep colors looking neutral
Answer: D. Keep colors looking neutral. White balance adjusts color rendering so neutral objects appear neutral under the scene’s lighting.
Which camera setting controls light reaching the sensor?
A White balance
B Frame rate
C Exposure
D Audio gain
Answer: C. Exposure. Exposure controls how much light reaches the imaging sensor and affects image brightness.
What aspect of the image does focus control?
A Subject sharpness
B Program duration
C Broadcast language
D Camera operator identity
Answer: A. Subject sharpness. Focus determines which parts of the image appear sharp.
Which microphone clips onto a presenter’s clothing?
A Shotgun microphone
B Studio loudspeaker
C Boom stand
D Lavalier microphone
Answer: D. Lavalier microphone. A lavalier microphone is a small microphone commonly clipped to clothing.
Which microphone can capture dialogue from above frame?
A Lavalier microphone
B Boom microphone
C Studio loudspeaker
D Camera monitor
Answer: B. Boom microphone. A boom microphone can capture dialogue while remaining outside the camera frame.
During a studio interview, why monitor audio?
A Choose the camera lens
B Check the broadcast license
C Catch noise and level problems
D Set the program rating
Answer: C. Catch noise and level problems. Monitoring lets the crew hear unwanted noise, distortion, or incorrect audio levels while recording.
Why use continuity editing in a scene?
A Preserve coherent time and space
B Keep one camera angle
C Retain original recording length
D Hide lighting equipment
Answer: A. Preserve coherent time and space. Continuity editing aims to make connected shots feel coherent in time and space.
When an editor uses match-on-action, what continues across shots?
A The same title
B The same movement
C The story location
D Every cut
Answer: B. The same movement. A match-on-action cut joins views of the same movement so it appears to continue across shots.
How might a jump cut appear to viewers?
A A continuous camera move
B A wider broadcast band
C A lower-third caption
D A visible discontinuity
Answer: D. A visible discontinuity. A jump cut creates a noticeable break in time or spatial continuity.
How does a video editor shape a program?
A Book every viewer
B Build the broadcast tower
C Select and arrange shots
D Write the camera serial number
Answer: C. Select and arrange shots. Editors select and arrange visual and audio material to create the finished program.
Which ratio is commonly used for widescreen HDTV?
A 16:9
B 1:1
C 4:1
D 3:2
Answer: A. 16:9. A 16:9 aspect ratio is widely used for widescreen high-definition television formats.
In what units is frame rate measured?
A Pixels across the screen
B Frames displayed per second
C Audio channels in a clip
D Minutes in a program
Answer: B. Frames displayed per second. Frame rate is the number of video frames shown or captured per second.
In video, which quantity describes pixel dimensions?
A The camera’s physical weight
B The program’s running time
C The number of studio lights
D The number of image pixels
Answer: D. The number of image pixels. Video resolution describes the pixel dimensions or amount of image detail in a video format.
Is every digital television program high-definition?
A Yes, all digital means HD
B No, HD is one type
C Only when captions appear
D Only on large screens
Answer: B. No, HD is one type. Digital television can use different picture formats; high definition is one type of digital television.
Which component receives over-the-air digital TV signals?
A A video storyboard
B A digital television tuner
C A studio microphone
D A lighting reflector
Answer: B. A digital television tuner. A digital tuner receives and processes digital television signals for a compatible television.
For over-the-air television, what equipment receives broadcast signals?
A An appropriate antenna
B A studio teleprompter
C A video editing suite
D A program rundown
Answer: A. An appropriate antenna. Over-the-air television reception requires an antenna suited to the signals available at the viewer’s location.
Why use a converter box with an analog-only TV?
A To add studio lighting
B To create a news package
C To improve camera focus
D To decode digital broadcasts
Answer: D. To decode digital broadcasts. A digital-to-analog converter box receives digital over-the-air broadcasts and converts them for an analog television.
During digital television transmission, what information is encoded?
A Audio and video as data
B Only printed captions
C Only camera movements
D A paper program guide
Answer: A. Audio and video as data. Digital television represents audio and video information in digital form for transmission.
Which on-screen feature provides spoken words for access?
A A camera tally light
B A weather map
C Closed captions
D A station logo
Answer: C. Closed captions. Closed captions display spoken dialogue and relevant sound information as text.
Besides dialogue, captions can label which audio cues?
A Camera serial numbers
B Relevant non-speech sounds
C Program sponsors’ addresses
D Every frame transition
Answer: B. Relevant non-speech sounds. Captions may include meaningful non-speech sounds, such as music cues or sound effects.
How can an electronic program guide help viewers?
A Camera focus measurements
B Microphone battery levels
C Editing software updates
D Channel listings and schedules
Answer: D. Channel listings and schedules. An electronic program guide helps viewers find channels and scheduled programs.
Why are program content ratings displayed?
A Identify the camera operator
B Show the signal frequency
C Describe content and age guidance
D List every production cost
Answer: C. Describe content and age guidance. Ratings provide viewers with information about content and suitability for audiences, though systems vary by country.
For a news report, what can verified visuals contribute?
A Relevant visual context
B Every spoken word
C Source verification
D A distraction from reporting
Answer: A. Relevant visual context. Relevant, verified visuals can add context and evidence without misleading viewers or merely repeating narration.