What is the primary purpose of a substation in a power system?
A To generate electricity
B To distribute electricity to homes
C To step up or step down voltage levels
D To store energy
Substations are critical for transforming voltage levels to facilitate power transmission and distribution. High voltage reduces losses during transmission, while low voltage is needed for distribution.
Which component in a substation is used to interrupt current flow during a fault?
A Transformer
B Circuit breaker
C Isolator
D Relay
Circuit breakers automatically interrupt electrical flow in the event of faults, ensuring safety and reliability in the system.
What is the role of a power transformer in a substation?
A To store electrical energy
B To control the flow of electricity
C To change voltage levels
D To prevent overcurrent
Power transformers are essential for stepping up or stepping down voltage for efficient power transmission and distribution.
What is a busbar in a substation?
A A device to step up voltage
B A conductor to collect and distribute power
C A protection device
D A component for grounding
Busbars are metallic conductors that distribute power within the substation.
Which device protects a substation from lightning strikes?
A Circuit breaker
B Relay
C Lightning arrester
D Isolator
Lightning arresters protect equipment from high-voltage surges caused by lightning by diverting excess current to the ground.
What is the main purpose of grounding in a substation?
A To reduce power losses
B To ensure operational continuity
C To provide a safe path for fault currents
D To increase voltage levels
Grounding systems direct fault currents to the ground, ensuring safety for both equipment and personnel.
Which device is used to isolate a section of the substation for maintenance?
A Circuit breaker
B Isolator
C Relay
D Transformer
Isolators disconnect specific sections for maintenance while ensuring safety during operation.
What is the function of relays in a substation?
A To generate electricity
B To detect faults and trigger circuit breakers
C To control voltage levels
D To connect power lines
Relays detect abnormal conditions and send signals to circuit breakers to isolate the faulty section.
Which type of substation is used for high-voltage transmission?
A Compact substation
B Distribution substation
C Transmission substation
D Renewable energy substation
Transmission substations handle high-voltage power for long-distance energy transmission.
What does SCADA stand for in substations?
A Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
B System Control and Device Automation
C Substation Control and Data Automation
D Supervisory Circuit and Data Access
SCADA systems enable remote monitoring and control of substations, ensuring efficient operation.
What is the purpose of insulation coordination in substations?
A To improve current flow
B To select proper insulation levels for equipment
C To prevent equipment overheating
D To connect different circuits
Insulation coordination ensures that equipment can handle voltage surges without failing.
What type of breaker is used in high-voltage substations?
A Oil circuit breaker
B Vacuum circuit breaker
C Air circuit breaker
D SF6 circuit breaker
SF6 circuit breakers are preferred in high-voltage substations due to their excellent arc-quenching properties.
Which substation equipment controls reactive power flow?
A Power transformer
B Shunt capacitor
C Relay
D Isolator
Shunt capacitors manage reactive power, improving the power factor and voltage stability.
What is a compact substation?
A A substation with limited equipment
B A fully enclosed substation with compact design
C A renewable energy substation
D A mobile substation
Compact substations are fully enclosed and designed for space-constrained urban areas.
What does a load dispatch center do?
A Repairs substation faults
B Manages power generation and distribution
C Designs substation layouts
D Installs substation equipment
Load dispatch centers monitor and control power generation and transmission to ensure system reliability.
What is the primary role of substation automation?
A To improve energy storage
B To enable remote monitoring and control
C To enhance fault isolation
D To increase voltage levels
Substation automation allows real-time monitoring and control, enhancing operational efficiency.
Which device is used to manage voltage levels during peak loads?
A Tap changer
B Lightning arrester
C Circuit breaker
D Isolator
Tap changers adjust transformer windings to maintain stable voltage levels during load fluctuations.
What is the function of a relay panel in a substation?
A To distribute power
B To detect faults and signal circuit breakers
C To step down voltage
D To connect transformers
Relay panels house relays that detect faults and send signals to isolate faulty areas.
Which test ensures the reliability of substation equipment?
A Load test
B Insulation resistance test
C Relay test
D All of the above
Load tests, insulation resistance tests, and relay tests ensure equipment reliability and proper functionality.
What is reactive power control important for in a substation?
A Preventing power loss
B Maintaining voltage stability
C Increasing current flow
D Enhancing insulation levels
Reactive power control ensures voltage stability, reduces losses, and supports efficient power delivery.