What is the term for the stress developed in a material due to sudden impact or shock loading?
A Fatigue Stress
B Creep Stress
C Residual Stress
D Impact Stress
Impact stress is the stress developed in a material due to sudden impact or shock loading. It is measured using impact tests like the Charpy or Izod test to determine the material’s ability to absorb energy during fracture.
Which of the following is true for a material with high toughness?
A Low energy absorption
B High brittleness
C High energy absorption
D Low ductility
Toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing. A material with high toughness, like mild steel, can absorb significant energy before failure.
What is the term for the stress developed in a material due to axial compressive load?
A Tensile Stress
B Compressive Stress
C Shear Stress
D Bending Stress
Compressive stress is the stress developed in a material when subjected to an axial compressive load. It acts perpendicular to the cross-section and tends to shorten the material.
Which of the following is a measure of a material’s resistance to volume change under pressure?
A Modulus of Elasticity
B Shear Modulus
C Bulk Modulus
D Poisson’s Ratio
Bulk modulus measures a material’s resistance to volume change under hydrostatic pressure. It is defined as the ratio of pressure to volumetric strain and is high for incompressible materials like water.
What is the term for the stress developed in a material due to uneven heating or cooling?
A Thermal Stress
B Residual Stress
C Shear Stress
D Bending Stress
Thermal stress is developed in a material due to uneven heating or cooling, causing differential expansion or contraction. It is common in materials subjected to high-temperature gradients.
Which of the following is true for a material with high modulus of elasticity?
A Low stiffness
B High flexibility
C High stiffness
D Low toughness
A material with a high modulus of elasticity has high stiffness, meaning it resists deformation under applied stress. Examples include steel and diamond, which are very rigid.
What is the term for the stress developed in a material due to combined bending and axial loading?
A Tensile Stress
B Compressive Stress
C Combined Stress
D Shear Stress
Combined stress is the stress developed in a material due to the simultaneous action of bending and axial loading. It is calculated using superposition principles.
Which of the following is a measure of a material’s ability to return to its original shape after deformation?
A Toughness
B Resilience
C Ductility
D Elasticity
Resilience is the ability of a material to absorb energy elastically when deformed and release it upon unloading. It is represented by the area under the elastic portion of the stress-strain curve.
What is the term for the stress developed in a material due to sudden removal of load?
A Residual Stress
B Impact Stress
C Shock Stress
D Fatigue Stress
Shock stress is the stress developed in a material due to the sudden removal of load, causing rapid deformation. It is often observed in dynamic loading conditions.
Which of the following is true for a material with high Poisson’s ratio?
A Low lateral strain
B High lateral strain
C Low axial strain
D High axial strain
A material with high Poisson’s ratio exhibits high lateral strain compared to axial strain. For example, rubber has a Poisson’s ratio close to 0.5, indicating significant lateral expansion under axial compression.
What is the term for the stress developed in a material due to cyclic loading?
A Fatigue Stress
B Creep Stress
C Impact Stress
D Residual Stress
Fatigue stress is the stress developed in a material due to cyclic loading, leading to crack initiation and propagation. It is a major cause of failure in structures subjected to repeated loading.
Which of the following is a measure of a material’s resistance to bending?
A Modulus of Elasticity
B Flexural Rigidity
C Shear Modulus
D Bulk Modulus
Flexural rigidity is a measure of a material’s resistance to bending. It depends on the material’s modulus of elasticity and the moment of inertia of its cross-section.
What is the term for the stress developed in a material due to twisting?
A Tensile Stress
B Compressive Stress
C Shear Stress
D Bending Stress
Shear stress is developed in a material when subjected to twisting or torsional loading. It acts parallel to the cross-section and is responsible for angular deformation.
Which of the following is true for a ductile material?
A Low elongation
B High toughness
C Low plasticity
D High brittleness
Ductile materials, such as mild steel, have high toughness because they can absorb significant energy before fracture. They exhibit high elongation and plasticity under tensile stress.
What is the term for the stress developed in a material due to axial tensile load?
A Tensile Stress
B Compressive Stress
C Shear Stress
D Bending Stress
Tensile stress is the stress developed in a material when subjected to an axial tensile load. It acts perpendicular to the cross-section and tends to elongate the material.