Which of the following is a characteristic of a real-time operating system?
A Immediate Response
B Delayed Response
C Task Scheduling
D Batch Processing
A Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) is designed to process data and respond to inputs within a strict deadline. This ensures immediate or near-instant responses, which is essential for time-sensitive applications like medical devices or aircraft controls.
What is the primary role of the process scheduler in an operating system?
A Task Execution
B Data Storage
C CPU Allocation
D Memory Management
The process scheduler is responsible for deciding which process gets to use the CPU at any given time. It ensures fair distribution of CPU time among multiple processes, based on scheduling algorithms like Round Robin or Priority Scheduling.
In which of the following memory management schemes is memory divided into fixed-size blocks?
A Virtual Memory
B Paging
C Segmentation
D Swapping
Paging is a memory management technique that divides physical memory into fixed-size blocks, called pages. This allows for efficient memory use, as data can be loaded into any available page, making memory access more flexible.
Which of the following is the first step in the boot process of an operating system?
A Initialize Drivers
B Start Processes
C Load Kernel
D Power-On Self Test
The boot process begins with the Power-On Self Test (POST), which checks the system’s hardware components for errors and ensures that they are functioning correctly before proceeding to load the operating system.
What is the role of a file system in an operating system?
A Store and Retrieve Files
B Execute Programs
C Manage Hardware
D Manage Processes
The file system manages how data is stored and retrieved on storage devices. It organizes files in a hierarchical structure, enabling efficient access, modification, and deletion of files.
Which type of operating system is designed to handle the execution of multiple tasks at the same time?
A Distributed OS
B Real-Time OS
C Multi-tasking OS
D Single-Tasking OS
A Multi-tasking Operating System can run multiple tasks or processes concurrently. It allocates CPU time to each task and switches between them quickly, providing the illusion that tasks are being executed simultaneously.
What does the kernel of an operating system do?
A Handles System Resources
B Provides User Interface
C Handles File Operations
D Manages User Inputs
The kernel is the core part of the operating system responsible for managing system resources, including the CPU, memory, and I/O devices. It acts as an intermediary between hardware and software, ensuring efficient and secure operation.
Which scheduling algorithm allocates CPU time to processes based on their arrival time?
A Priority Scheduling
B FCFS
C Shortest Job First
D Round Robin
First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) is a simple CPU scheduling algorithm where processes are executed in the order they arrive. It is non-preemptive, meaning once a process starts, it runs to completion before the next process begins.
In which mode does the operating system have complete control over the hardware?
A Protected Mode
B User Mode
C Kernel Mode
D System Mode
In Kernel Mode, the operating system has full access to hardware resources. It can execute privileged instructions, interact directly with the CPU and memory, and manage all system operations with complete control.
What is the purpose of deadlock avoidance in an operating system?
A Prevent Deadlock
B Task Scheduling
C Process Termination
D Resource Allocation
Deadlock avoidance ensures that resources are allocated in a manner that prevents circular dependencies. By carefully controlling the allocation and release of resources, the operating system can avoid situations where processes are indefinitely blocked.
Which of the following is a function of a semaphore?
A Memory Management
B Task Scheduling
C Process Synchronization
D CPU Allocation
A semaphore is a synchronization tool used to manage access to shared resources in a multi-process environment. It prevents race conditions by signaling when a resource is available or being used by another process.
What is the primary characteristic of a monolithic kernel?
A High Performance
B Limited Functionality
C Small and Modular
D Large and Single Unit
A monolithic kernel is a large, single unit that handles all OS functions, including process management, memory management, and device handling. While it can offer high performance, it can also be more complex to maintain and update.
What type of operating system is used to control devices like sensors and appliances?
A Embedded OS
B Real-Time OS
C Desktop OS
D Mobile OS
Embedded Operating Systems are used in devices like sensors, appliances, and other specialized hardware. These systems are designed to run on devices with limited resources, offering specific functionalities with real-time capabilities.
What is the main benefit of using virtual memory?
A Increase CPU Speed
B Extend RAM Capacity
C Increase Storage Space
D Improve Disk I/O
Virtual memory allows programs to access more memory than physically available by swapping data between RAM and disk storage. This increases the effective memory capacity of a system and enables larger applications to run.
Which component of an operating system manages the communication between processes?
A Communication Manager
B Memory Manager
C Process Manager
D I/O Manager
The process manager handles the creation, scheduling, and termination of processes. It also manages inter-process communication (IPC), allowing processes to exchange data and synchronize their activities for coordinated execution.