Which OS type is responsible for running the same program on multiple machines simultaneously?
A Distributed OS
B Mobile OS
C Batch OS
D Real-Time OS
A Distributed Operating System allows multiple machines to run the same program concurrently. This system ensures coordinated tasks across several computers connected via a network, increasing reliability and performance.
What is the primary purpose of segmentation in memory management?
A Memory Allocation
B Process Control
C Memory Protection
D Virtual Memory
Segmentation divides the memory into segments, each representing different types of data like code, stack, and heap. This allows for memory protection, as each segment can be separately accessed and controlled.
Which of the following is a feature of the microkernel architecture?
A Performance Efficiency
B Simple Design
C Complex Process Management
D Large Kernel
The microkernel architecture focuses on minimalism, where the core kernel handles only essential functions, while other services run in user space. This results in a simpler and more modular design, making it easier to maintain and upgrade.
Which part of the operating system directly interacts with the hardware?
A Shell
B User Mode
C System Call
D Kernel Mode
In Kernel Mode, the operating system has full access to all hardware resources. It directly interacts with the CPU, memory, and other devices, allowing the OS to execute critical system functions.
What is the purpose of a mutex in an operating system?
A Synchronization
B Process Management
C CPU Scheduling
D Memory Allocation
A mutex (short for mutual exclusion) is a synchronization mechanism that ensures only one thread can access a critical section at a time. This prevents data races and ensures the integrity of shared resources.
What is the main characteristic of a batch operating system?
A Real-time Processing
B Multi-user Support
C Task Scheduling
D Interactive Operations
A batch operating system processes jobs in batches without user interaction. Tasks are collected, scheduled, and processed in order, improving efficiency but lacking the interactivity of real-time systems.
Which of the following is an example of a file system used in operating systems?
A NTFS
B Semaphore
C Kernel
D Mutex
NTFS (New Technology File System) is a file system used by Windows operating systems. It supports large files, file compression, and security features like file permissions, enabling efficient data storage and retrieval.
What does a deadlock detector do in an operating system?
A Synchronizes Threads
B Prevents Processes
C Detects Cycles
D Resolves Deadlocks
A deadlock detector identifies when processes are in a deadlock state, typically by detecting circular dependencies in resource allocation. Once detected, the system can take action to resolve or avoid the deadlock.
What is the purpose of the bootloader in an operating system?
A Control Hardware
B Load the Kernel
C Manage Files
D Handle Processes
The bootloader is responsible for loading the operating system’s kernel into memory during the boot process. It initializes hardware and prepares the system to hand control over to the OS for normal operations.
Which of the following is a major difference between microkernel and monolithic kernel?
A Kernel Size
B System Security
C Hardware Support
D System Performance
A microkernel is designed to be small and modular, running only essential services, while a monolithic kernel includes all necessary services within a large, single kernel. This makes the microkernel more maintainable but less performant in some cases.
What is a system call in an operating system?
A Process Scheduling
B Device Management
C Resource Allocation
D User-OS Interaction
System calls provide a controlled interface for user programs to interact with the operating system. They allow access to essential OS services like file management, process control, and communication with hardware.
What is the primary advantage of virtual memory?
A Task Scheduling
B Increased Storage
C Memory Isolation
D Faster Processing
Virtual memory enables processes to access more memory than physically available by swapping data between RAM and disk storage. It isolates memory spaces of processes, ensuring security and stability.
What does the term “real-time” mean in real-time operating systems?
A Task Prioritization
B Timely Response
C Multi-tasking
D High Speed
Real-time operating systems ensure that tasks are completed within a strict time limit, which is critical for systems where timing is crucial, such as medical devices and industrial automation.
Which of the following is a function of file systems in an operating system?
A Manage Disk Storage
B Process Data
C Monitor Processes
D Handle Memory
The file system manages how data is stored and retrieved on a disk. It organizes data into files and directories, handles storage allocation, and ensures efficient and secure access to stored information.
Which scheduling algorithm is based on the priority of tasks?
A Round Robin
B FCFS
C Priority Scheduling
D Shortest Job First
Priority scheduling is a CPU scheduling algorithm that assigns each process a priority. The CPU is given to the process with the highest priority. It is commonly used in systems that require prioritized execution of tasks.