What is the main purpose of thread synchronization?
A Process Scheduling
B Data Sharing
C Resource Protection
D Task Execution
Thread synchronization ensures that multiple threads can safely access shared resources without causing data corruption or inconsistency. Mechanisms like mutexes and semaphores are used to coordinate thread access to critical sections.
Which CPU scheduling algorithm gives priority to the shortest job?
A Priority
B SJF
C FCFS
D Round Robin
The Shortest Job First (SJF) scheduling algorithm allocates CPU time to the process with the shortest execution time. This minimizes the average waiting time and is efficient for tasks with predictable lengths.
What is the purpose of memory paging in an operating system?
A Increase CPU Speed
B Simplify Memory Access
C Avoid Memory Fragmentation
D Allocate More RAM
Memory paging divides memory into fixed size blocks called pages. This helps to avoid fragmentation by allowing non contiguous memory allocation, making memory use more efficient and enabling the system to handle large programs.
What does virtual memory allow an operating system to do?
A Allocate CPU Time
B Increase RAM
C Handle Interrupts
D Use Disk Space as Memory
Virtual memory allows the operating system to use disk space as an extension of RAM. This enables the system to run larger programs than the available physical memory, improving multitasking and system performance.
What is deadlock avoidance in an operating system?
A Preventing Circular Waiting
B Detecting Cycles
C Handling I/O
D Allocating Resources
Deadlock avoidance ensures that resources are allocated in a way that prevents circular waiting, a condition where processes are stuck waiting for resources held by each other. This is achieved by carefully managing resource requests.
What is the role of a semaphore in interprocess communication?
A Synchronization
B Resource Allocation
C Process Creation
D Data Sharing
A semaphore is a synchronization mechanism used to control access to shared resources. It ensures that only one process can access a critical section at a time, preventing race conditions and ensuring proper execution order.
Which of the following is the best description of a file system?
A Task Scheduling
B Memory Allocation
C Data Storage and Retrieval
D Network Management
A file system organizes and manages how data is stored and retrieved on storage devices. It handles file names, directories, metadata, and access control, ensuring efficient and secure management of files.
What does the Linux kernel manage?
A System Resources
B Task Scheduling
C File Systems
D User Applications
The Linux kernel is responsible for managing system resources such as memory, CPU, and I/O devices. It acts as an intermediary between user programs and hardware, ensuring the proper allocation and usage of system resources.
What is the main advantage of a microkernel architecture?
A High Performance
B Fast Execution
C Simple and Modular Design
D Large Size
A microkernel architecture focuses on a minimal core that only handles essential system functions like process scheduling and communication. Other functionalities, such as device management, run in user space, resulting in a more modular and maintainable design.
What is a hypervisor used for in virtualization?
A Manage Memory
B Schedule Tasks
C Control Hardware
D Execute Multiple Operating Systems
A hypervisor is used in virtualization to create and manage virtual machines. It allows multiple operating systems to run on a single physical machine by allocating system resources to each virtual machine and ensuring isolation.
What is the main benefit of fault tolerance in an operating system?
A System Reliability
B Increased Security
C Faster Boot Times
D Reduced Latency
Fault tolerance improves system reliability by ensuring that the system can continue functioning even when some components fail. Redundancy, error detection, and recovery mechanisms allow the system to handle failures without affecting overall performance.
What type of operating system is best suited for real time applications?
A Distributed OS
B Real Time OS
C Mobile OS
D Batch OS
A Real Time Operating System (RTOS) is designed to meet strict timing requirements for applications where delays could result in failure, such as in embedded systems, medical devices, and industrial control systems.
Which of the following is a feature of an embedded operating system?
A Multi tasking Support
B High User Interaction
C Dedicated Functionality
D High Memory Usage
Embedded operating systems are designed to perform specific functions within embedded devices, such as controlling a washing machine or managing automotive sensors. They are optimized for reliability and efficiency with limited resources.
What is the key difference between a monolithic kernel and a microkernel?
A Complexity
B Memory Usage
C Performance
D Modularity
A monolithic kernel is a single large unit that includes all necessary services like memory management, device drivers, and process scheduling. A microkernel, on the other hand, has a small core and delegates non essential functions to user space modules, offering more modularity.
What is the purpose of shell scripting in an operating system?
A Control Processes
B Automate Tasks
C Manage Files
D Network Control
Shell scripting allows users to automate repetitive tasks by writing sequences of commands that can be executed by the shell. This enhances productivity, reduces errors, and simplifies complex administrative operations in an operating system.