Which of the following is the primary function of an operating system?
A File Management
B Process Management
C Task Scheduling
D Resource Allocation
The primary function of an operating system is to allocate system resources like CPU time, memory, and I/O devices to various processes in an efficient and fair manner, ensuring optimal system performance.
What is a characteristic of a real time operating system (RTOS)?
A Time Constraints
B Data Management
C Multi user Support
D Centralized Control
RTOS is designed to process tasks within strict time constraints. This feature is essential for systems like medical devices, industrial robots, and automotive control systems, where timely responses are crucial.
Which scheduling algorithm allocates CPU time based on process priority?
A Round Robin
B FCFS
C Priority Scheduling
D SJF
Priority Scheduling assigns the CPU to processes based on their priority levels. Higher priority processes are executed first, ensuring that critical tasks are completed before lower priority ones.
What is the role of memory paging in operating systems?
A Prevent Fragmentation
B Simplify Task Scheduling
C Manage I/O Devices
D Increase CPU Speed
Paging divides memory into fixed size blocks called pages. This method helps to prevent fragmentation by allowing non contiguous allocation of memory, which improves memory usage and system performance.
What does a mutex do in process synchronization?
A Control I/O
B Lock Resources
C Allocate Memory
D Schedule Tasks
A mutex (mutual exclusion) is used in multi threaded environments to lock resources so that only one thread can access a critical section of code at a time, preventing race conditions.
Which of the following operating system types allows multiple computers to work together as a single system?
A Real Time OS
B Embedded OS
C Batch OS
D Distributed OS
A Distributed Operating System allows multiple machines to collaborate over a network, making them appear as one unified system to the user, thus enabling resource sharing and better scalability.
What is virtual memory in an operating system?
A Larger RAM
B Disk Storage
C Simulated RAM
D Memory Isolation
Virtual memory uses disk space to extend the apparent size of physical memory. It allows systems to run larger programs than would be possible with physical RAM alone by swapping data between RAM and disk storage.
What is the purpose of a system call?
A Request Services
B Control Hardware
C Allocate Memory
D Monitor Processes
A system call is an interface that allows a program to request services from the operating system’s kernel. These services include file handling, memory management, and process control.
Which of the following is true for a monolithic kernel?
A Modular Design
B Simple Architecture
C Efficient Performance
D Small in Size
A monolithic kernel contains all essential OS services within a single large codebase, which can improve system performance by eliminating the need for inter process communication between components.
What does deadlock detection do in an operating system?
A Prevent Resource Conflicts
B Identify Circular Dependencies
C Free Memory
D Identify Circular Dependencies
Deadlock detection identifies circular dependencies between processes that prevent them from proceeding. Once detected, the system can take corrective actions, such as terminating or restarting processes, to resolve the deadlock.
What is the role of the Linux kernel?
A Provide User Interface
B Manage System Resources
C Control Networking
D Handle Security
The Linux kernel manages system resources such as memory, CPU, and I/O devices. It provides a bridge between hardware and software, ensuring efficient execution of processes and proper system operation.
What does the Windows kernel primarily manage?
A User Input
B File Management
C Memory and Devices
D Process Scheduling
The Windows kernel manages system resources, particularly memory and I/O devices. It allocates memory for processes, manages hardware interactions, and ensures efficient system performance and stability.
What is the purpose of shell scripting in Unix based systems?
A Automate Tasks
B Manage Files
C Control Memory
D Monitor Processes
Shell scripting in Unix based systems automates tasks by writing sequences of commands that the shell executes. It simplifies system administration and reduces human error by automating repetitive tasks like backups or process monitoring.
What is the primary advantage of a microkernel?
A High Performance
B Easy Maintenance
C Flexibility
D Simplified Architecture
A microkernel architecture separates essential services (e.g., memory management, process scheduling) into small modules that can run independently. This modular design allows for greater flexibility, easier updates, and improved fault isolation.
What is the main function of hypervisors in virtualization?
A Allocate Resources
B Manage Multiple OS
C Handle User Inputs
D Monitor Network Traffic
Hypervisors manage the execution of virtual machines (VMs), allowing multiple operating systems to run on a single physical machine. They allocate resources such as CPU, memory, and storage to the VMs, ensuring isolation and efficient resource use.