What is the primary function of an operating system?
A Data Storage
B Communication
C Resource Management
D User Interface
The primary function of an operating system (OS) is resource management. It manages hardware and software resources, such as the CPU, memory, and input/output devices. The OS ensures that resources are used efficiently and fairly among processes.
Which type of operating system is designed for real-time applications?
A Real-Time OS
B Batch OS
C Distributed OS
D Mobile OS
A Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) is designed to handle time-sensitive applications that require strict timing constraints. Examples include systems in medical devices, automotive systems, and industrial control systems.
What is the purpose of CPU scheduling in an operating system?
A Memory Management
B Input/Output Handling
C Process Management
D Task Prioritization
CPU scheduling is used to determine which process gets to use the CPU at any given time. This ensures efficient use of CPU resources and that high-priority tasks are executed promptly, improving overall system performance.
What does memory paging allow in an operating system?
A Large Programs
B Efficient CPU Scheduling
C Virtual Memory
D Dynamic Allocation
Memory paging allows an operating system to use virtual memory, where the system can move data between physical memory and disk storage. This enables efficient memory use and allows large programs to run even if the physical memory is limited.
Which operating system is most commonly used in embedded systems?
A Real-Time OS
B Linux
C Windows
D Mac OS
Embedded systems often use Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) because they require reliable and timely responses to external events. RTOS is optimized for minimal latency and guarantees the execution of critical tasks within strict timing constraints.
Which OS type connects multiple computers over a network to work together?
A Batch OS
B Distributed OS
C Mobile OS
D Real-Time OS
A Distributed Operating System manages a group of separate computers, making them appear as a single cohesive system. This allows tasks to be distributed across multiple machines, improving performance, reliability, and scalability.
What is the function of a semaphore in an operating system?
A Synchronization
B Memory Allocation
C Resource Management
D Task Scheduling
Semaphores are synchronization tools used to manage concurrent processes and prevent race conditions. They allow processes to signal each other when a resource is available, ensuring orderly access to shared resources.
What is a deadlock in an operating system?
A Task Overload
B Memory Loss
C Resource Blocking
D Process Termination
A deadlock occurs when two or more processes are blocked indefinitely, each waiting for the other to release resources. The system enters a state where no progress can be made unless external intervention resolves the situation.
Which type of operating system manages input and output devices?
A I/O Management OS
B Real-Time OS
C Memory Management OS
D File System OS
The I/O management function of an operating system controls how input and output devices, such as keyboards, mice, and printers, are accessed by applications. It handles device drivers and ensures that data is transferred correctly.
What does kernel mode in an operating system allow?
A User Access
B Application Management
C Direct Hardware Access
D Limited Process Control
Kernel mode is a privileged mode where the operating system has unrestricted access to all hardware resources. It allows direct control over the CPU, memory, and I/O devices, enabling the OS to perform critical system functions.
What is the role of system calls in an operating system?
A Execute Commands
B Manage System Resources
C Handle User Input
D Perform Basic Operations
System calls are the interface between a user application and the operating system. They allow user programs to request services like file management, process control, and hardware access from the kernel of the OS.
Which component of an operating system handles process creation and termination?
A File Manager
B Memory Manager
C Scheduler
D Process Manager
The process manager is responsible for creating, scheduling, and terminating processes. It ensures that processes are executed in an orderly and efficient manner, and it handles the allocation of CPU time to each process.
What is virtual memory in an operating system?
A Memory Encryption
B External Storage
C Extended RAM
D Simulated Disk Storage
Virtual memory is a memory management technique that gives an application the impression of having access to a large and continuous block of memory, even if the physical memory is smaller. It achieves this by swapping data to and from disk storage.
Which OS type allows mobile apps to run on smartphones?
A Mobile OS
B Distributed OS
C Linux
D Real-Time OS
A Mobile Operating System (Mobile OS) like Android or iOS is specifically designed to manage hardware and software resources on mobile devices. It supports the execution of mobile applications, device management, and communication functionalities.
What does the boot process of an operating system do?
A Run User Applications
B Load the OS Kernel
C Monitor Resources
D Shutdown the System
The boot process of an operating system involves loading the kernel into memory from storage. This is the first step in starting up the computer, after which the OS initializes hardware, loads drivers, and prepares the system for use.