Introduction to Electronics & Communication Engineering (Set-5)
What is the primary function of an embedded system?
A Data storage
B Power generation
C Signal processing
D Task-specific control
Embedded systems are specialized computing systems designed to perform a dedicated function or set of tasks. Unlike general purpose computers, embedded systems are optimized for real time control, processing, and interaction with physical devices.
Which of the following is a key component in semiconductor devices?
A Copper
B Silicon
C Iron
D Aluminum
Silicon is the most commonly used material in semiconductor devices due to its favorable electrical properties. It acts as a good conductor when doped with impurities, making it ideal for creating transistors and other semiconductor devices.
Which type of signal is most commonly used in digital communication systems?
A Sine wave
B Analog signal
C Digital signal
D Square wave
Digital signals, consisting of discrete binary values (0 and 1), are widely used in digital communication systems. These signals are less susceptible to noise and can be easily processed, stored, and transmitted over long distances.
What does the term ‘sampling’ refer to in signal processing?
A Converting continuous signals to discrete signals
B Filtering unwanted frequencies
C Storing signal data
D Signal amplification
Sampling refers to the process of converting a continuous analog signal into discrete data points at regular intervals. It is essential for digital signal processing and allows the signal to be analyzed and processed in the digital domain.
What is the main purpose of a microcontroller in an embedded system?
A Perform high level computations
B Store memory
C Process large datasets
D Control external devices
A microcontroller is a small computing device that controls external devices in an embedded system. It executes specific tasks such as reading sensor data, controlling motors, and managing communication interfaces.
Which of the following is typically used for amplification in electronic circuits?
A Diode
B Transistor
C Capacitor
D Inductor
A transistor is commonly used to amplify electrical signals. It can control a large current using a smaller input current, making it a fundamental component in amplifiers, switches, and signal processing circuits.
What is the basic function of a diode in a circuit?
A Amplify signals
B Store energy
C Rectify signals
D Filter signals
A diode is used to rectify alternating current (AC) by allowing current to flow in only one direction. It converts AC to direct current (DC), which is used to power most electronic devices.
Which system converts a continuous signal into a discrete one for digital processing?
A ADC (Analog to Digital Converter)
B DAC (Digital to Analog Converter)
C Amplifier
D Modulator
An Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) converts continuous analog signals into discrete digital signals. This conversion is necessary for processing real world signals in digital systems like computers and microcontrollers.
What is the main purpose of signal modulation in communication systems?
A To amplify the signal
B To filter noise
C To encode data onto a carrier wave
D To store data
Modulation is the process of encoding data onto a carrier wave by varying its amplitude, frequency, or phase. It allows the signal to be transmitted efficiently over long distances in communication systems.
Which of the following is used to store energy in an electric field?
A Transformer
B Resistor
C Capacitor
D Inductor
A capacitor stores energy in the form of an electric field. It is used in electronic circuits for energy storage, filtering, and coupling applications, and can release the stored energy when required.
Which of these components is essential for signal modulation in analog communication?
A Amplifier
B Modulator
C Filter
D Oscillator
A modulator is used to encode information onto a carrier signal by changing its amplitude, frequency, or phase. Modulation is crucial for transmitting analog signals over long distances in communication systems.
What does the term ‘latency’ refer to in communication systems?
A Delay in signal transmission
B Data transfer rate
C Signal strength
D Signal amplitude
Latency refers to the time delay between sending a signal and receiving the response. In communication systems, low latency is important for real time applications such as video conferencing and online gaming.
Which device is used to store a digital bit of data?
A Resistor
B Transistor
C Flip flop
D Capacitor
A flip flop is a digital circuit used to store binary data (0 or 1). It is a fundamental element in digital electronics, enabling memory storage and used in registers, counters, and timing circuits.
Which of the following components is used to reduce high frequency noise in electronic circuits?
A Inductor
B Transformer
C Resistor
D Capacitor
A capacitor is commonly used in electronic circuits to filter out high frequency noise by providing a low resistance path for high frequency signals, ensuring that only the desired signal passes through.
What is the main function of an oscillator in electronics?
A Signal generation
B Signal detection
C Signal filtering
D Signal amplification
An oscillator generates a continuous periodic signal, typically a sine wave, square wave, or triangle wave. It is widely used in communication systems, clocks, and radio transmitters to provide timing signals.