Introduction to Electronics & Communication Engineering (Set-12)
What is the primary function of power systems in electrical engineering?
A Frequency modulation
B Signal amplification
C Energy distribution
D Data transmission
Power systems are responsible for generating, transmitting, and distributing electrical energy. They ensure that electrical power reaches homes, industries, and other facilities, providing the energy needed for various applications.
What does IoT (Internet of Things) enable in modern communication?
A Faster internet speeds
B Smart devices and data sharing
C Wireless power transmission
D Analog signal processing
IoT enables devices to connect to the internet, exchange data, and be controlled remotely. It connects everyday objects, such as appliances, sensors, and vehicles, allowing for automation and data driven decision-making.
Which of the following is a key feature of a smart grid system?
A Two way communication for monitoring and control
B Power generation by wind only
C Single direction power flow
D Energy storage for backup
A smart grid uses two way communication between utilities and consumers to monitor energy use, control power distribution, and optimize energy production. This increases efficiency, reduces costs, and helps balance supply and demand in real time.
What is the primary benefit of using digital communication systems in IoT?
A Improved noise filtering
B Better signal strength
C Increased bandwidth
D More efficient data transmission
Digital communication systems are more efficient than analog systems because they can transmit data in binary form (0s and 1s), which is less prone to noise and allows for more precise and faster data transfer, essential for IoT applications.
What is the purpose of a smart meter in a smart grid system?
A Signal processing
B Energy storage
C Real time energy consumption monitoring
D Power generation
A smart meter is used to measure energy usage in real time. It provides consumers and utilities with accurate data for energy consumption, helping to manage demand, reduce costs, and enhance energy efficiency.
What does the term ‘demand response’ refer to in the context of a smart grid?
A Transmitting data across the grid
B Adjusting electricity usage based on demand
C Storing excess energy
D Increasing power generation
Demand response refers to the adjustment of electricity consumption based on supply and demand conditions. Consumers or devices reduce or shift their energy usage during peak times, helping balance the grid and improve efficiency.
Which of the following is a benefit of using renewable energy sources in a smart grid?
A Increased pollution
B Reduced energy efficiency
C Sustainable power generation
D Lower energy costs for utilities
Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, provide sustainable and environmentally friendly power. Integrating these sources into the smart grid reduces dependency on fossil fuels and helps decrease greenhouse gas emissions.
What is the role of a controller in IoT systems?
A Filter noise
B Amplify data
C Transmit signals
D Monitor and manage devices
The controller in an IoT system acts as the central unit that monitors and manages the operation of connected devices. It collects data, processes it, and triggers actions or commands based on predefined criteria or real time conditions.
What is the main function of an inverter in power systems?
A Increase voltage
B Convert DC to AC
C Store energy
D Convert AC to DC
An inverter is used in power systems to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). This is necessary for most household appliances, which run on AC power, while many renewable energy sources (like solar panels) produce DC power.
What is one key challenge in implementing IoT in smart cities?
A Data security and privacy
B High power consumption
C Signal interference
D Limited bandwidth
One of the major challenges in implementing IoT in smart cities is ensuring the security and privacy of the massive amount of data generated by sensors and devices. Protecting this data from cyber threats is critical for maintaining trust and functionality.
What is the purpose of energy storage in a smart grid?
A Transmit data
B Increase power generation
C Stabilize the power supply
D Reduce energy consumption
Energy storage systems in a smart grid store excess energy generated during off peak hours, which can be used during peak demand. This helps stabilize the grid, balance supply and demand, and prevent outages.
Which of the following communication protocols is commonly used in IoT devices?
A FTP
B Zigbee
C HTTP
D TCP/IP
Zigbee is a widely used communication protocol in IoT applications. It is designed for low power, low data rate, and short range communications, making it ideal for connecting smart devices like sensors, lights, and home automation systems.
What is the main function of a sensor in an IoT system?
A Process data
B Store data
C Monitor physical parameters
D Transmit signals
Sensors in IoT systems collect data by monitoring physical parameters such as temperature, humidity, motion, or light. They play a crucial role in gathering real time information that can be used for automation, monitoring, and decision making.
How does a smart grid improve energy efficiency?
A By storing energy
B By increasing power generation
C By reducing signal noise
D By automating energy consumption
A smart grid improves energy efficiency by automating the monitoring and control of energy usage. It adjusts energy consumption based on real time data, reducing waste, optimizing supply demand balance, and enhancing overall system efficiency.
What is the purpose of cloud computing in IoT systems?
A Data storage and analysis
B Device control
C Power management
D Signal amplification
Cloud computing in IoT systems provides centralized data storage and processing. It allows large volumes of data collected by IoT devices to be stored, analyzed, and accessed remotely, facilitating intelligent decision making and automation.