Who established the Delhi Sultanate in 1206?
A Ibrahim Lodi
B Qutb-ud-din Aibak
C Babur
D Sher Shah Suri
Qutb-ud-din Aibak became the first ruler of the Delhi Sultanate in 1206.
Iltutmish belonged to which Delhi Sultanate dynasty?
A The Khilji dynasty
B The Tughlaq dynasty
C The Lodi dynasty
D The Mamluk or Slave dynasty
Iltutmish was a major ruler of the Mamluk, also called Slave, dynasty.
Who was the first woman to rule the Delhi Sultanate?
A Razia Sultan
B Nur Jahan
C Jahanara Begum
D Rani Durgavati
Razia Sultan ruled Delhi in the thirteenth century.
Which language was widely used in the administration of the Delhi Sultanate?
A Portuguese
B French
C Persian
D Pali
Persian was widely used in the Sultanate’s administration and court culture.
Ibn Battuta, who visited India in the fourteenth century, came from which present-day country?
A China
B Italy
C Japan
D Morocco
Ibn Battuta was a traveller from Morocco who wrote about his journeys.
What was the capital city of the Vijayanagara Empire?
A Delhi
B Hampi
C Agra
D Patna
Hampi was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire in southern India.
Who founded the Vijayanagara kingdom?
A Akbar and Birbal
B Shivaji and Sambhaji
C Harihara and Bukka
D Babur and Humayun
The brothers Harihara and Bukka founded Vijayanagara in the fourteenth century.
Krishnadevaraya was a ruler of which empire?
A Vijayanagara
B Mauryan
C Mughal
D Pala
Krishnadevaraya was one of the best-known rulers of Vijayanagara.
The Bahmani Sultanate was established mainly in which region?
A The Punjab
B The Deccan
C Bengal
D Kashmir
The Bahmani Sultanate was a major medieval kingdom in the Deccan.
What was a Sufi hospice or gathering place commonly called?
A A stupa
B A vihara
C A khanqah
D A mandapa
Khanqahs served as places where Sufi teachers and followers gathered.
Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti is closely associated with which city?
A Hampi
B Agra
C Madurai
D Ajmer
Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti’s shrine and legacy are closely linked with Ajmer.
What idea was central to many Bhakti traditions?
A Personal devotion to a chosen deity
B Worship only through royal orders
C The rejection of all poetry
D The use of Persian as a court language
Many Bhakti teachers emphasized personal devotion to a deity.
Kabir’s verses often criticized what?
A Sea trade
B Empty ritual and social divisions
C Temple architecture
D Land measurement
Kabir’s poetry challenged empty ritual and divisions between communities.
Mirabai is remembered for her devotion to which deity?
A Krishna
B Shiva
C Brahma
D Indra
Mirabai’s devotional poems express love and devotion to Krishna.
Who founded the Sikh tradition?
A Guru Gobind Singh
B Kabir
C Chaitanya
D Guru Nanak
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh tradition in the fifteenth century.
Who founded Mughal rule in North India after the 1526 battle at Panipat?
A Akbar
B Sher Shah Suri
C Babur
D Aurangzeb
Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi at Panipat in 1526 and founded Mughal rule.
Which ruler is associated with the silver coin called the rupiya?
A Akbar
B Babur
C Sher Shah Suri
D Alauddin Khalji
Sher Shah Suri is associated with a standardized silver coin called the rupiya, a precursor to the modern rupee.
Who was Akbar’s father?
A Babur
B Humayun
C Jahangir
D Shah Jahan
Humayun was Akbar’s father and the second Mughal emperor.
Which text gives an account of Akbar’s reign and court?
A Akbarnama
B Baburnama
C Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri
D Rajatarangini
The Akbarnama records the life and reign of Emperor Akbar.
Which musician is traditionally associated with Akbar’s court?
A Amir Khusrau
B Baiju Bawra
C Tyagaraja
D Tansen
Tansen is remembered as a celebrated musician at Akbar’s court.
Din-i Ilahi is associated with which Mughal emperor?
A Babur
B Jahangir
C Akbar
D Aurangzeb
Din-i Ilahi was a small religious order associated with Akbar’s court.
Nur Jahan was an influential figure during the reign of which emperor?
A Jahangir
B Babur
C Humayun
D Shah Alam II
Nur Jahan exercised notable influence in the court of Jahangir.
Which Mughal emperor commissioned the Taj Mahal?
A Akbar
B Shah Jahan
C Jahangir
D Bahadur Shah Zafar
Shah Jahan commissioned the Taj Mahal in memory of Mumtaz Mahal.
Who built the Red Fort in Delhi as part of Shahjahanabad?
A Sher Shah Suri
B Akbar
C Iltutmish
D Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan built the Red Fort in the new Mughal capital of Shahjahanabad.
Which emperor succeeded Shah Jahan on the Mughal throne?
A Humayun
B Aurangzeb
C Babur
D Jahangir
Aurangzeb became emperor after the Mughal war of succession following Shah Jahan’s reign.
Who founded the Maratha kingdom in western India?
A Baji Rao I
B Madhavrao I
C Shivaji
D Rana Sanga
Shivaji established the Maratha kingdom in western India.
Which fort city served as Shivaji’s capital at his coronation?
A Agra
B Lahore
C Daulatabad
D Raigad
Shivaji was crowned at Raigad, which served as his capital.
Fatehpur Sikri was developed as an imperial city by which ruler?
A Akbar
B Babur
C Shah Jahan
D Ibrahim Lodi
Akbar developed Fatehpur Sikri and used it as an imperial capital for a period.
Which language was central to much of Amir Khusrau’s court poetry?
A Persian
B Portuguese
C Greek
D Chinese
Amir Khusrau is especially known for Persian-language poetry and court writing.
Which Mughal emperor received the English ambassador Thomas Roe at his court?
A Akbar
B Jahangir
C Babur
D Aurangzeb
Thomas Roe visited the court of Jahangir in the early seventeenth century.