Hydraulics and Hydraulic Machines MCQs (Part-14)

What type of pump is used to move fluids at low flow rates and high pressure?

A Diaphragm pump
B Reciprocating pump
C Gear pump
D Centrifugal pump

In a Pelton wheel turbine, what type of energy is primarily converted?

A Kinetic energy to mechanical energy
B Pressure energy to kinetic energy
C Hydraulic energy to electrical energy
D Potential energy to mechanical energy

How does cavitation damage hydraulic machines?

A By increasing system pressure
B By reducing fluid velocity
C By causing high friction
D By forming bubbles that collapse and erode surfaces

What is the main advantage of a centrifugal pump over other types of pumps?

A Precise volume displacement
B High‐pressure capabilities
C Simple design and continuous flow
D Ability to handle high-viscosity fluids

What is a surge tank used for in a hydraulic system?

A Regulate flow rate
B Absorb pressure variations
C Store water
D Measure pressure

What is the primary function of a hydraulic gate?

A Store energy
B Measure flow rate
C Dissipate energy
D Regulate flow and control water levels

How is flow rate typically measured in an open channel?

A By multiplying velocity and flow area
B Using a pressure gauge
C By calculating the pressure drop
D By measuring water temperature

What is the main purpose of a velocity diagram in a turbine?

A To calculate the efficiency
B To analyze the change in fluid velocity
C To determine water pressure
D To regulate water flow

What happens when water reaches the spillway of a dam?

A Water is stored for future use
B Water is released to prevent overflow
C Water is pumped to the turbine
D Water is filtered

What does “head loss” in a pipeline system refer to?

A The energy lost due to friction or turbulence
B The decrease in water pressure
C The pressure drop in the system
D The decrease in water velocity

What is the effect of a governing system in a turbine?

A Increases efficiency by adjusting the flow
B Measures flow rate
C Maintains a constant turbine speed
D Regulates water temperature

What is the purpose of canal hydraulics in water management?

A Measure water temperature
B Manage water distribution
C Control the quality of water
D Improve water velocity

How is energy typically dissipated in a spillway?

A By converting potential energy into kinetic energy
B By reducing the water’s pressure
C By causing turbulence and increasing depth
D By increasing the flow velocity

What does “flow distribution” refer to in hydraulics?

A How water flow is split across multiple channels or pipes
B The total volume of water passing through a system
C The energy conversion in turbines
D The allocation of flow rate across various channels

What is the key characteristic of an impulse turbine?

A It uses pressure energy to rotate the blades
B Water flows tangentially to the blades
C It uses both pressure and kinetic energy
D Water flows axially through the turbine