Geology for Civil Engineers (Part-3)

Which type of rock forms from the cooling and solidification of magma?

A Sedimentary
B Metamorphic
C Igneous
D Organic

What is the process by which soil particles are carried away by wind or water?

A Erosion
B Weathering
C Lithification
D Deposition

What type of soil is best for supporting large structures?

A Clay
B Silt
C Gravel
D Sand

Which of the following is a mineral found in granite?

A Gypsum
B Halite
C Talc
D Quartz

What is the term for the study of Earth’s layers?

A Seismology
B Stratigraphy
C Petrology
D Geomorphology

What is the main characteristic of sedimentary rocks?

A Formed under high heat and pressure
B Formed from cooled magma
C Contain fossils
D Very hard and dense

Which of the following is an example of a metamorphic rock?

A Basalt
B Sandstone
C Limestone
D Marble

What is the primary purpose of a dam?

A All of the above
B To generate electricity
C To provide water for irrigation
D To prevent floods

What is the key factor affecting the stability of a slope?

A Soil texture
B Slope angle
C Temperature
D Air pressure

What is the main characteristic of igneous rocks?

A Formed from sediments
B Contains fossils
C Formed by cooling of molten rock
D Formed from heat and pressure

What is the effect of erosion on landscapes?

A It creates new landforms
B It flattens the surface
C It decreases soil fertility
D It carries away rock particles

What type of soil is most prone to compaction?

A Sand
B Clay
C Silt
D Gravel

What is the function of a borehole in geotechnical investigation?

A To collect rock samples
B To measure seismic waves
C To collect water samples
D To measure temperature

What is the main cause of plate tectonics?

A Heat from the Earth’s core
B Earth’s rotation
C Gravitational pull
D Wind currents

What type of rock is formed from the remains of living organisms?

A Sedimentary
B Igneous
C Volcanic
D Metamorphic