Answer: D. Machine-readable encoded information. Digital media stores or transmits content in machine-readable encoded form.
What is a bit?
A A binary digit
B A file folder
C A video frame
D A storage device
Answer: A. A binary digit. A bit is a binary digit that can represent one of two values, commonly 0 or 1.
On most modern computers, how many bits form a byte?
A Two bits
B Four bits
C Eight bits
D Sixteen bits
Answer: C. Eight bits. A byte is commonly defined as eight bits.
During analog-to-digital conversion, what does sampling do?
A Deletes every sound
B Records signal values at intervals
C Adds video captions
D Prints a waveform
Answer: B. Records signal values at intervals. Sampling measures an analog signal at discrete time intervals so it can be represented digitally.
In digital audio, how is sampling rate expressed?
A Samples per second
B Pixels per frame
C Pages per minute
D Bytes per screen
Answer: A. Samples per second. Sampling rate states how many audio samples are taken each second.
Which property does an audio sample’s bit depth determine?
A The number of speakers
B The recording’s duration
C The file’s title
D Available amplitude levels
Answer: D. Available amplitude levels. Bit depth determines how many discrete amplitude values can represent each audio sample.
Why compress a media file?
A Increase every pixel
B Add an audio channel
C Reduce data size
D Change its author
Answer: C. Reduce data size. Compression reduces the amount of data needed to store or transmit a file.
With lossless compression, what remains possible?
A Remove all metadata
B Recreate exact original data
C Double the frame rate
D Change the source recording
Answer: B. Recreate exact original data. Lossless compression preserves enough information to restore the exact original data.
Which trade-off can lossy compression make?
A Every detail is restored
B File size must increase
C Metadata becomes mandatory
D Some information is discarded
Answer: D. Some information is discarded. Lossy compression reduces data by discarding some information, so the result may not match the original exactly.
What does a media codec do?
A Encode or decode media
B Design a website logo
C Measure audience age
D Write a news headline
Answer: A. Encode or decode media. A codec encodes and decodes digital media data, often for storage or transmission.
Why add metadata to a digital media file?
A Replace the file itself
B Describe and organize content
C Increase screen brightness
D Remove creator information
Answer: B. Describe and organize content. Metadata describes a resource, such as its title, creator, date, or format, and can help organize or find it.
How is a raster image structured?
A A list of web links
B A sequence of audio notes
C A grid of pixels
D A set of page titles
Answer: C. A grid of pixels. A raster image is made from a grid of picture elements called pixels.
Which structure lets vector graphics scale cleanly?
A Mathematical paths and shapes
B A fixed pixel grid
C Recorded audio samples
D Printed page numbers
Answer: A. Mathematical paths and shapes. Vector graphics describe shapes with mathematical paths, so they can often be resized without pixelation.
Which measurement describes an image’s pixel dimensions?
A Audio sample rate
B Video running time
C Website domain name
D Pixel dimensions
Answer: D. Pixel dimensions. Image resolution is commonly expressed through pixel dimensions, such as width by height.
What does interactive digital media let users do?
A Only read printed pages
B Influence or control content
C Listen without choosing
D View a fixed billboard
Answer: B. Influence or control content. Interactive media lets users take actions that affect how they navigate or experience content.
How does multimedia combine different media forms?
A Only text and numbers
B Paper, ink, and glue
C Text, images, audio, video
D A single audio tone
Answer: C. Text, images, audio, video. Multimedia combines forms such as text, images, sound, animation, or video.
Why use a content management system?
A Create and publish content
B Tune a radio antenna
C Replace internet access
D Measure screen resolution
Answer: A. Create and publish content. A content management system helps users create, edit, organize, and publish digital content.
What is a domain name used for?
A A camera focus setting
B Readable website address
C An audio compression type
D A page-view metric
Answer: B. Readable website address. A domain name is a human-readable name used to reach an internet resource or website.
Where are website files commonly stored for delivery?
A A teleprompter screen
B A studio microphone
C A camera lens
D A hosting server
Answer: D. A hosting server. Web hosting stores site files on servers that can deliver them to visitors.
Which standard string identifies a web resource?
A Content Management System
B Search Results Page
C Uniform Resource Locator
D Hypertext Markup Language
Answer: C. Uniform Resource Locator. A URL, or Uniform Resource Locator, identifies the location of a resource on the web.
What does a hyperlink do?
A Opens a linked resource
B Compresses every image
C Records a studio interview
D Changes a user’s password
Answer: A. Opens a linked resource. A hyperlink connects a page or document to another resource that a user can open.
How does responsive design support different devices?
A Adds a second domain
B Removes every image
C Adapts layout to screen
D Locks one page width
Answer: C. Adapts layout to screen. Responsive design adapts a page layout to different screen sizes and device contexts.
What should alt text communicate about an image?
A The file’s storage cost
B Purpose or meaning of image
C A website’s full source code
D The camera’s serial number
Answer: B. Purpose or meaning of image. Useful alternative text conveys an image’s relevant purpose or information to people who cannot see it.
Why add captions to a video?
A A list of image pixels
B A website’s domain name
C The file’s compression ratio
D Speech and useful sounds
Answer: D. Speech and useful sounds. Captions provide text for spoken dialogue and relevant non-speech audio.
What does a transcript provide for recorded media?
A Text version of media
B An interactive camera lens
C A louder audio signal
D A larger video frame
Answer: A. Text version of media. A transcript presents the spoken content of audio or video in text form.
When visuals carry key information, what can support blind users?
A Adds more background music
B Changes the page title
C Narrates important visual details
D Speeds up the video
Answer: C. Narrates important visual details. Audio description narrates important visual details that are not conveyed by the original audio.
How can someone navigate without a mouse?
A A larger image file
B Keyboard-only operation
C A faster video codec
D A longer page title
Answer: B. Keyboard-only operation. Keyboard accessibility allows people to operate controls and navigate content without a mouse.
Which visual feature helps text stand out from its background?
A Audio bit depth
B Page-view count
C Video file format
D Color contrast
Answer: D. Color contrast. Sufficient contrast helps users distinguish text and other elements from their backgrounds.
Why organize webpage content with headings?
A Hide the page structure
B Increase audio volume
C Organize and label sections
D Change the domain name
Answer: C. Organize and label sections. Headings identify sections and help readers and assistive technologies understand a page’s structure.
What is web accessibility intended to support?
A Use by diverse people
B Use on one screen only
C Access for editors only
D Viewing without any controls
Answer: A. Use by diverse people. Accessibility aims to make web information and controls usable by people with varied abilities and needs.
What does a search crawler commonly do?
A Write website articles
B Approve copyright licenses
C Count printed newspapers
D Discover and fetch pages
Answer: D. Discover and fetch pages. Search crawlers automatically discover and fetch web pages for processing.
After a page is crawled, what does indexing do?
A Deletes the webpage
B Stores page information for search
C Creates a new domain
D Changes the page author
Answer: B. Stores page information for search. Indexing processes and stores information about pages so a search engine can consider them for results.
How can a sitemap help a search engine?
A Guarantee top rankings
B Replace all page content
C Suggest URLs for discovery
D Force immediate indexing
Answer: C. Suggest URLs for discovery. A sitemap lists URLs and can help search engines discover pages, but it does not guarantee that they will be crawled or indexed.
Which link wording helps users understand a destination?
A Descriptive link wording
B Click here repeatedly
C Unlabeled punctuation
D A blank button
Answer: A. Descriptive link wording. Descriptive link text gives users information about where a link leads.
What does search engine optimization aim to improve?
A Guarantee first place
B Help search engines understand content
C Make pages invisible
D Replace useful writing
Answer: B. Help search engines understand content. SEO practices can help search engines discover and understand pages, but they cannot guarantee a particular ranking.
Does submitting a sitemap guarantee indexing?
A Yes, every URL ranks
B Yes, pages publish themselves
C No, it blocks crawling
D No, it assists discovery only
Answer: D. No, it assists discovery only. A sitemap is a discovery aid; search engines decide whether and when to crawl and index listed pages.
What does network bandwidth describe?
A A page’s topic
B A user’s screen height
C Data transfer capacity
D A file’s creator
Answer: C. Data transfer capacity. Bandwidth describes the capacity available for transferring data over a connection.
In web performance, what is latency?
A Delay before response
B The page’s color contrast
C A video’s pixel count
D A site’s license type
Answer: A. Delay before response. Latency is the delay involved in sending a request and receiving a response.
How does streaming differ from downloading first?
A Requires a printed copy
B Play as data arrives
C Always removes sound
D Works without any data
Answer: B. Play as data arrives. Streaming can begin playback while media data continues to arrive, rather than waiting for the entire file.
What is buffering during media playback?
A Changes the video’s author
B Adds another web page
C Deletes the audio track
D Temporarily stores incoming data
Answer: D. Temporarily stores incoming data. Buffering temporarily stores incoming media data to help maintain playback.
When network capacity drops, what can adaptive streaming do?
A Increase every file size
B Lower playback bitrate
C Remove all captions
D Change the domain name
Answer: B. Lower playback bitrate. Adaptive streaming can switch to a lower-bitrate version when available network capacity is limited.
Why use a content delivery network?
A Create a news script
B Distribute files closer to users
C Measure image contrast
D Assign a copyright license
Answer: B. Distribute files closer to users. A CDN distributes content across servers so users can receive it from a suitable nearby location.
What does a page-view metric count?
A Every recorded page load
B Only unique visitors
C Each registered domain
D All active sessions
Answer: A. Every recorded page load. A page-view or views metric counts recorded page views; repeated views of the same page can count again.
In Google Analytics, what does a session represent?
A One image pixel
B A single file download
C A search ranking
D A period of user activity
Answer: D. A period of user activity. Google Analytics groups user interactions into sessions; a session is distinct from the total number of page views.
Why should analytics limit unnecessary personal data?
A Reduce privacy exposure
B Increase page loading time
C Publish private records
D Remove accessibility features
Answer: A. Reduce privacy exposure. Collecting only needed information can reduce privacy risks for users.
Before sharing a digital image, what should a reader check?
A Only its file size
B Only its pixel count
C Original source, date, context
D Only the upload button
Answer: C. Original source, date, context. Checking an image’s source, date, and context helps reduce the risk of sharing misleading material.
What do Creative Commons licenses communicate?
A A file’s pixel dimensions
B Reuse permissions and conditions
C A guaranteed search ranking
D A website’s hosting plan
Answer: B. Reuse permissions and conditions. Creative Commons licenses communicate permissions and conditions for reuse of creative works.
Under CC BY, what must a reuser provide?
A A paid subscription
B A new website domain
C A printed copy
D Credit the creator
Answer: D. Credit the creator. CC BY requires attribution to the creator; the license also permits reuse and adaptation under its terms.
What does the digital divide describe?
A Differences in file formats
B A webpage’s heading structure
C Unequal access to digital resources
D Audio compression quality
Answer: C. Unequal access to digital resources. The digital divide refers to unequal access to digital technologies, connectivity, or the skills needed to use them.
How can media literacy help before resharing a video?
A Check source and context
B Trust every caption
C Ignore the upload date
D Remove the creator credit
Answer: A. Check source and context. Media literacy encourages checking who published a video and whether its date and context support the claim.