What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 10?
A 1000
B 1010
C 1100
D 1110
To convert decimal 10 to binary, divide the number by 2 and record the remainders. The binary equivalent is 1010.
Which logic gate has a high output when any of its inputs are high?
A AND
B OR
C XOR
D NOR
An OR gate produces a high (1) output if at least one of its inputs is high.
What is the purpose of a truth table in digital electronics?
A To amplify signals
B To simplify logic circuits
C To represent the output of a logic function for all possible inputs
D To design flip-flops
A truth table lists all possible input combinations and their corresponding outputs for a logic circuit.
How many inputs are required for a full adder?
A 2
B 3
C 4
D 1
A full adder has three inputs: two operands and a carry-in from the previous addition.
Which of the following is a sequential circuit?
A Multiplexer
B Decoder
C Flip-Flop
D Logic gate
Sequential circuits, such as flip-flops, have outputs that depend on current inputs and past outputs (stored state).
What is the output of a NAND gate when all inputs are 1?
A 1
B 0
C Undefined
D Depends on the inputs
A NAND gate produces the opposite output of an AND gate. If all inputs are 1, the output is 0.
What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 255?
A 11111110
B 11111111
C 11110000
D 11111101
The binary equivalent of decimal 255 is 2^8 – 1, which equals 11111111.
What is the main characteristic of a combinational circuit?
A Outputs depend on past inputs
B Outputs depend only on current inputs
C It has a memory element
D It uses feedback loops
Combinational circuits compute outputs solely based on the present inputs without involving memory.
Which Boolean expression is simplified as Aโ
0=0?
A Identity Law
B Nullification Law
C Idempotent Law
D Distributive Law
The Nullification Law states that any variable ANDed with 0 results in 0.
What is a register in digital electronics?
A A type of memory to store multiple bits of data
B A logic gate
C A counter
D A clock signal
A register is a group of flip-flops used to store data temporarily in digital systems.
How many states does a 3-bit counter have?
A 6
B 8
C 4
D 16
A 3-bit counter has 2^3 = 8 unique states, ranging from 000 to 111 in binary.
Which type of circuit is used for priority encoding?
A Encoder
B Decoder
C Multiplexer
D Demultiplexer
An encoder assigns a binary code to one active input among multiple inputs, with priority encoding resolving conflicts.
What is the resolution of a 4-bit ADC?
A 24
B 1/16
C 1/2
D 1/256
Resolution is 1/2^n, where n is the number of bits. For a 4-bit ADC, the resolution is 1/16.
What is the function of an ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)?
A To perform arithmetic and logical operations
B To store data
C To generate clock signals
D To convert data
An ALU performs mathematical (addition, subtraction) and logical (AND, OR, NOT) operations in digital systems.
What is the binary addition result of 1101 + 1011?
A 10010
B 11110
C 10110
D 10000
Perform binary addition. 1101 + 1011 = 10010.
Which flip-flop is called a data or delay flip-flop?
A JK Flip-Flop
B D Flip-Flop
C SR Flip-Flop
D T Flip-Flop
The D flip-flop captures and holds data with a single input, often referred to as the data or delay flip-flop.
What does VHDL stand for?
A Very High Digital Logic
B Virtual Hardware Description Language
C Very High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language
D Variable High-Level Logic
VHDL is a hardware description language used for designing and modeling digital systems.
Which device is used to convert an analog signal into a digital signal?
A DAC
B ADC
C RAM
D ROM
An Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) converts continuous analog signals into discrete digital values.
Which sequential device is used to divide a clock frequency by 2?
A Flip-Flop
B Multiplexer
C Decoder
D Counter
A flip-flop toggles its output state on each clock pulse, effectively dividing the clock frequency by 2.
What is the purpose of setup time in digital circuits?
A To amplify signals
B To ensure data is stable before the clock edge
C To store data
D To simplify Boolean expressions
Setup time is the minimum time before a clock edge during which the input signal must remain stable for proper operation.