Which of the following is a basic component of the Von Neumann Architecture?
A Control Unit
B ALU
C Memory
D All of the above
The Von Neumann architecture consists of three primary components: the Control Unit (CU), Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), and Memory. The CU manages instructions, ALU performs calculations, and memory stores data and instructions.
What does ALU stand for in computer architecture?
A Algorithmic Logic Unit
B Application Logic Unit
C Arithmetic Logic Unit
D Automatic Logic Unit
The ALU is responsible for performing arithmetic operations (like addition and subtraction) and logical operations (like AND, OR) in a CPU. It is one of the fundamental components of the processor.
What is the main function of the Control Unit (CU)?
A Execute instructions
B Control the flow of data
C Store data
D Perform arithmetic operations
The Control Unit (CU) is responsible for directing the operation of the processor by managing the flow of data between the processor, memory, and input/output devices based on the fetched instructions.
Which of the following memory types is the fastest?
A Cache Memory
B SSD
C RAM
D Hard Drive
Cache memory is the fastest type of memory in the memory hierarchy. It is located closer to the CPU and stores frequently used data to reduce access time for the processor.
What is the primary difference between RISC and CISC architectures?
A CISC uses a single instruction
B CISC uses fewer registers
C RISC uses fewer instructions
D RISC uses complex instructions
RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) uses a small set of simple instructions, whereas CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing) uses a more complex set of instructions. RISC processors are generally faster due to the reduced instruction set.
What does the term “pipelining” refer to in computer architecture?
A Overlapping the execution of instructions
B Fetching multiple instructions at once
C Storing data in memory
D Directly transferring data to CPU
Pipelining is a technique where multiple instruction phases (fetch, decode, execute) overlap in the CPU. This helps in improving the throughput and efficiency of the processor by allowing multiple instructions to be processed simultaneously.
In which architecture is the program and data stored in separate memories?
A Both A and B
B None of the above
C Von Neumann Architecture
D Harvard Architecture
Harvard Architecture stores program instructions and data in separate memory units, allowing simultaneous access to both. This design leads to better performance for certain applications, unlike Von Neumann architecture, which uses a single memory for both.
Which of the following is responsible for handling interrupts in a system?
A Memory
B Control Unit
C Input/Output Unit
D ALU
The Control Unit (CU) is responsible for handling interrupts, which are signals that temporarily halt the current process and give priority to another task or process that requires immediate attention.
What is the main purpose of Direct Memory Access (DMA)?
A To transfer data from one memory location to another
B To manage memory allocation
C To allow peripherals to access memory directly
D To access data from storage devices
DMA allows peripheral devices (like disk drives or network cards) to transfer data directly to or from memory without involving the CPU. This speeds up data transfer and frees up CPU resources for other tasks.
What is the function of a CPU register?
A Store data temporarily for quick access
B Store data permanently
C Store instructions
D Control data flow
CPU registers are small, fast storage locations inside the processor that hold data temporarily. They are used for quick access by the ALU or Control Unit during computation and instruction execution.
What does the instruction set architecture (ISA) define?
A CPU components
B Memory structure
C The set of instructions the CPU can execute
D The speed of the CPU
The Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) defines the set of instructions that the processor can understand and execute. It determines how the software interacts with the hardware and what operations the CPU can perform.
What is the primary advantage of multi-core processors?
A Lower power consumption
B Increased clock speed
C Higher memory capacity
D Ability to process multiple tasks simultaneously
Multi-core processors have multiple processing units (cores) on a single chip, allowing them to perform multiple tasks or threads at the same time. This improves performance, especially in multitasking and parallel processing applications.
What is the main purpose of memory management in an operating system?
A To execute user programs
B To allocate and manage memory resources
C To control hardware components
D To manage I/O operations
Memory management in an operating system is responsible for allocating memory to different programs and managing the memory hierarchy (RAM, virtual memory, etc.) efficiently, ensuring that each program gets the resources it needs.
What is paging in memory management?
A Dividing memory into fixed-size blocks
B Allocating continuous memory blocks
C Storing data in sequential order
D Managing hard disk space
Paging is a memory management scheme that divides physical memory into fixed-sized blocks called pages. The operating system uses a page table to map logical addresses to physical memory locations, helping with efficient memory use.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)?
A Optimized for arithmetic and logical tasks
B Only used for scientific computations
C Specialized for graphics and parallel processing
D Designed for handling I/O operations
A Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is designed specifically for rendering graphics and handling parallel processing tasks. It is highly efficient at performing computations for graphics and video, making it essential in gaming, machine learning, and other parallel tasks.