Within NIST’s model, what cloud feature tracks resource use?
A Rapid elasticity
B Measured service
C Resource pooling
D Broad network access
Answer: B. Measured service. Metering tracks cloud resource use, which is the measured-service characteristic.
Provisioning computing resources automatically without staff interaction illustrates which feature?
A Broad network access
B Resource pooling
C Rapid elasticity
D On-demand self-service
Answer: D. On-demand self-service. On-demand self-service lets consumers provision capabilities automatically as needed.
Multi-tenant providers let separate customers use what?
A Private cloud
B High availability
C Resource pooling
D Pay-as-you-go
Answer: C. Resource pooling. Resource pooling serves multiple consumers from a provider’s shared pool of resources.
Network access from phones and laptops reflects which characteristic?
A Broad network access
B Resource pooling
C Data residency
D Measured service
Answer: A. Broad network access. Broad network access makes services available through standard network mechanisms across device types.
Rapidly increasing or releasing capacity is called what?
A Vertical scaling
B Load balancing
C Rapid elasticity
D Fault isolation
Answer: C. Rapid elasticity. Rapid elasticity expands or contracts cloud capabilities to match demand.
Hosted webmail used through a browser belongs to which service model?
A IaaS
B SaaS
C PaaS
D FaaS
Answer: B. SaaS. SaaS delivers a complete provider-managed application to its users.
App developers deploy code while the provider manages the platform: which model?
A PaaS
B SaaS
C IaaS
D Private cloud
Answer: A. PaaS. PaaS lets customers deploy applications without managing the underlying platform.
Teams manage the guest OS on rented virtual machines: which service model?
A SaaS
B PaaS
C Serverless
D IaaS
Answer: D. IaaS. IaaS customers manage guest operating systems and deployed software on provisioned infrastructure.
Cloud infrastructure offered for general public use is which deployment?
A Private cloud
B Public cloud
C Hybrid cloud
D Community cloud
Answer: B. Public cloud. A public cloud is provisioned for open use by the general public.
Exclusive cloud infrastructure for a single organization is what?
A Public cloud
B Community cloud
C Private cloud
D Hybrid cloud
Answer: C. Private cloud. A private cloud is provisioned for exclusive use by one organization.
Combining distinct cloud infrastructures bound for portability describes which deployment?
A Private cloud
B Public cloud
C Community cloud
D Hybrid cloud
Answer: D. Hybrid cloud. A hybrid cloud combines distinct cloud infrastructures linked for data or application portability.
Several organizations with shared requirements use what?
A Community cloud
B Public cloud
C Private cloud
D Multi-tenant cloud
Answer: A. Community cloud. A community cloud serves organizations with shared concerns such as mission or compliance needs.
Which term names an AWS geographic service area?
A Edge zone
B Local region
C Region
D Data center
Answer: C. Region. AWS describes each Region as a separate geographic area.
Inside each Region, what is an isolated location called?
A Local zone
B Availability zone
C Edge node
D Storage region
Answer: B. Availability zone. Availability Zones are isolated locations within an AWS Region.
Virtual computers running their own guest OS are called what?
A Virtual machine
B Object store
C Load balancer
D Database table
Answer: A. Virtual machine. A virtual machine presents a software-defined computer that can run a guest operating system.
Data stored as named objects in buckets uses what?
A Block storage
B File storage
C Cache storage
D Object storage
Answer: D. Object storage. Object storage keeps data as objects, commonly organized through buckets and keys.
VM disks presented as raw blocks usually use which storage type?
A Object storage
B File storage
C Block storage
D Archive storage
Answer: C. Block storage. Block storage presents raw blocks that a virtual machine can use as a disk.
Which storage model organizes information by directories and paths?
A File storage
B Object storage
C Block storage
D Tape storage
Answer: A. File storage. File storage organizes data in files and directories that users can access through paths.
Buildings housing servers, power, and networking are called what?
A Region
B Availability zone
C Cloud tenant
D Data center
Answer: D. Data center. A data center is a physical facility containing computing and networking infrastructure.
Inside a public cloud, what provides an isolated private network?
A Cloud region
B Virtual private cloud
C Public subnet
D Data lake
Answer: B. Virtual private cloud. A virtual private cloud provides a logically isolated network environment in a cloud.
Granting only needed actions follows which security principle?
A Broad access
B Least privilege
C Shared tenancy
D Public access
Answer: B. Least privilege. Least privilege grants identities only the permissions needed for their tasks.
Automatically adding or removing servers based on demand is what?
A Load balancing
B Failover
C Auto scaling
D Encryption
Answer: C. Auto scaling. Auto scaling adjusts resource capacity according to configured demand signals.
Which pricing approach bills for resources actually used?
A Pay-as-you-go
B Fixed lease
C Per-user license
D Manual invoice
Answer: A. Pay-as-you-go. Pay-as-you-go pricing charges according to the resources consumed.
Code execution where the provider manages most infrastructure is called what?
A Bare metal
B Colocation
C Dedicated hosting
D Serverless computing
Answer: D. Serverless computing. Serverless services abstract much of the server provisioning and management from customers.
Protecting stored data with encryption describes what?
A Encryption in transit
B Encryption at rest
C Network tokenization
D Password hashing
Answer: B. Encryption at rest. Encryption at rest protects data while it is stored on a device or service.