Short Answer

Akbar strengthened his administration by creating a well-organised system in the Mughal Empire. He divided his empire into provinces called Subas and appointed efficient officers to manage them.

He also introduced systems like the Mansabdari system and improved land revenue collection. These reforms helped in better control, stability, and smooth governance of the empire.

Detailed Explanation

Akbar Administration Strengthening

Centralised Administration

Akbar built a strong central government to control his large empire. He made the emperor the highest authority in all matters. Important decisions were taken by the emperor with the help of trusted ministers.

To manage the empire better, he created a structured system where all officers had clear responsibilities. This helped reduce confusion and made administration more efficient.

Provincial System

Akbar divided his empire into large provinces called Subas. Each Suba was ruled by a Subedar, who was responsible for law, order, and administration.

Each province also had other officers like Diwan (finance officer), Bakshi (military officer), and Qazi (judicial officer). These officers worked independently but were controlled by the central government. This system helped in smooth governance across the empire.

Mansabdari System

One of Akbar’s most important reforms was the Mansabdari system. Under this system, every officer was given a rank called Mansab. This rank decided his salary, military responsibility, and position in the administration.

Mansabdars had to maintain a certain number of soldiers and horses. This system helped Akbar build a strong and loyal army as well as an efficient administrative structure.

It also ensured that officers were accountable and well-disciplined.

Revenue System Reform

Akbar improved the land revenue system with the help of his finance minister Raja Todar Mal. He introduced a proper method to measure land and calculate taxes.

Land was divided based on fertility, and taxes were fixed according to productivity. Farmers had to pay a fair share of their produce instead of unfair taxes.

This system increased revenue for the empire and reduced exploitation of farmers. It also made the administration more organized and transparent.

Religious and Social Policy

Akbar’s policy of religious tolerance also helped strengthen administration. He appointed people of different religions in important positions. This created trust among different communities.

He followed the idea of Sulh-i-Kul (peace for all), which reduced religious conflicts and made governance smoother. People felt included, which reduced rebellions.

Efficient Military System

Akbar strengthened his administration by improving the military system. The Mansabdari system also controlled the army. Soldiers were well-trained, and officers were responsible for maintaining discipline.

A strong army helped Akbar control his empire and protect it from external attacks and internal rebellions.

Conclusion

Akbar strengthened his administration through smart reforms like the Mansabdari system, provincial division, and revenue reforms. His policies created a strong, efficient, and well-organised government. These changes made the Mughal Empire stable and powerful for many years.