What is the primary characteristic of Agile methodology?
A Predictability
B Speed
C Structure
D Flexibility
Agile methodology is characterized by flexibility and adaptability. It focuses on iterative development and continuous improvement through short development cycles, allowing teams to adapt to changes and deliver customer value faster.
In the Waterfall model, which phase comes immediately after the ‘Design’ phase?
A Maintenance
B Deployment
C Coding
D Testing
In the Waterfall model, after the ‘Design’ phase, the next phase is ‘Coding’. During this phase, the actual software code is written based on the design specifications created earlier in the process.
What is the main purpose of version control systems like Git?
A Code tracking
B Database management
C Bug tracking
D Requirement analysis
Version control systems like Git are used to track changes made to the source code over time. This helps developers manage different versions of the code, collaborate effectively, and revert to previous versions when necessary.
Which of the following best describes a functional requirement?
A Security
B User authentication
C System speed
D Data storage
Functional requirements describe specific features or functions of a system. For example, user authentication is a functional requirement because it defines the ability of the system to verify the identity of users before granting access.
What does the acronym UML stand for?
A User Management Language
B Unified Methodology Language
C Unified Modeling Language
D Universal Modeling Language
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standardized visual language used for modeling the structure, behavior, and interactions within software systems. It includes various diagrams like class, sequence, and use case diagrams to represent system design.
What is the main goal of continuous integration (CI)?
A Code merging
B Bug fixing
C Faster coding
D Automated testing
The main goal of Continuous Integration (CI) is to integrate code into a shared repository frequently and perform automated testing to detect errors early. This ensures better code quality and reduces integration issues later in the development cycle.
In Agile methodology, what is the primary unit of development?
A Sprint
B Milestone
C Task
D Phase
In Agile, development is broken down into small, manageable cycles called sprints, typically lasting 1-4 weeks. Each sprint focuses on delivering a functional piece of the software, allowing for rapid development and continuous improvement.
What is the main focus of software testing?
A System architecture
B Writing documentation
C Identifying bugs
D Code optimization
The main purpose of software testing is to identify bugs or defects in the system and ensure it functions as intended. It helps improve the quality of the software by finding issues that could affect performance or usability.
What does the term “Refactoring” in software development refer to?
A Writing documentation
B Improving code readability
C Testing code
D Adding new features
Refactoring involves restructuring and optimizing existing code without changing its functionality. The goal is to improve the code’s readability, maintainability, and performance by simplifying its structure and removing redundancies.
Which of the following is an example of non functional requirement?
A Scalability
B User authentication
C Data validation
D Database interaction
Non functional requirements define system attributes such as scalability, performance, and reliability. Scalability refers to the system’s ability to handle increased loads or expand without compromising performance.
In the context of software architecture, what does MVC stand for?
A Management View Controller
B Model Variable Controller
C Model View Controller
D Modular View Controller
MVC stands for Model View Controller, an architectural pattern used to separate an application into three main components: Model (data), View (user interface), and Controller (logic), enhancing modularity and maintainability.
What is the purpose of Software Requirement Analysis?
A Design implementation
B Code debugging
C Code optimization
D Requirement specification
Software Requirement Analysis involves gathering and analyzing the requirements of a system before design and development begin. It ensures that all stakeholders’ needs are captured and clearly understood, forming the foundation for the rest of the development process.
What is an example of a software design pattern?
A Singleton
B Prototyping
C Refactoring
D Debugging
The Singleton pattern is a design pattern that ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it. It is used to manage shared resources like database connections.
What does the term “Microservices” refer to in software architecture?
A Single large system
B Modular applications
C Distributed architecture
D Monolithic design
Microservices refer to an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled, independently deployable services. This distributed approach allows for greater scalability, flexibility, and fault tolerance compared to monolithic designs.
Which of the following is an example of a version control system?
A Docker
B Git
C Eclipse
D Jenkins
Git is a widely used version control system that helps developers track changes in source code during software development. It allows multiple developers to collaborate, manage versions, and maintain a history of code modifications.