What is the main function of a file system in an operating system?
A File Storage and Retrieval
B Resource Allocation
C Process Scheduling
D Memory Management
The file system is responsible for organizing, storing, and retrieving files on storage devices. It manages the directory structure, file metadata, and ensures efficient access and storage of data on disk.
Which of the following file system types is commonly used in Windows operating systems?
A FAT32
B HFS+
C NTFS
D ext4
NTFS (New Technology File System) is the primary file system used by Windows operating systems. It supports large file sizes, file permissions, and security features, providing a robust and reliable system for storing data.
What is the role of system calls in an operating system?
A Allocate Memory
B Allow User to Interact with Kernel
C Handle I/O Devices
D Manage Processes
System calls act as the interface between user applications and the operating system’s kernel. They allow user-level processes to request services from the kernel, such as file operations, process management, and memory access.
What is the primary purpose of an I/O management system in an operating system?
A Provide File Access
B Manage Memory
C Handle User Inputs
D Control I/O Devices
The I/O management system in an operating system controls communication with input and output devices. It provides drivers and interfaces that enable the OS to read from and write to devices like keyboards, printers, and storage media.
Which of the following is a characteristic of the ext4 file system?
A Supports journaling
B Non-recoverable
C Limited File Size
D Used by Windows
ext4 (Fourth Extended File System) is a journaling file system commonly used in Linux. Journaling ensures data integrity by keeping track of changes, preventing data corruption in case of system crashes.
What is the role of a disk scheduler in an operating system?
A Control CPU Scheduling
B Manage File Access
C Optimize Disk I/O
D Manage Memory Allocation
The disk scheduler is responsible for optimizing the order in which disk I/O operations are performed. It minimizes seek time and rotational latency by rearranging disk requests, improving the efficiency of data access on storage devices.
Which of the following is an example of a block-level storage device?
A Network File System
B Hard Disk Drive
C Flash Drive
D Optical Disk
A block-level storage device, like a Hard Disk Drive (HDD), stores data in fixed-size blocks. It allows direct access to individual blocks, making it suitable for file systems and databases that require high-speed data retrieval.
What is the function of a file descriptor in an operating system?
A Identify Open Files
B Manage File System
C Store File Permissions
D Store File Data
A file descriptor is a unique identifier used by the operating system to track open files. It acts as a handle for accessing file data, allowing processes to read from or write to files during execution.
Which file system supports the concept of file permissions and encryption in Windows?
A HFS+
B ext4
C FAT32
D NTFS
NTFS supports file permissions, encryption, and other security features like Access Control Lists (ACLs). It provides robust protection and access control over files and folders stored on Windows-based systems.
Which of the following is true for FAT32 file systems?
A Supports Encryption
B Uses Journaling
C Maximum File Size of 4 GB
D No File Size Limit
FAT32 (File Allocation Table 32) has a maximum file size limit of 4 GB. It is commonly used in smaller storage devices like USB flash drives and memory cards, but lacks advanced features like journaling and file encryption.
What is the main purpose of a file system’s inode structure?
A Track File Attributes
B Allocate Disk Space
C Manage Directory Structure
D Store File Data
Inodes are data structures used by file systems to store metadata about files, such as file size, permissions, and timestamps. They do not contain the file’s data but provide essential information for file management.
What does a system call like read() in an operating system do?
A Terminate a Process
B Read Data from a File
C Write Data to File
D Allocate Memory
The read() system call is used to read data from a file into memory. It interacts with the file system to retrieve the requested data and provides it to the user-space application that made the request.
What is the function of a device driver in an operating system?
A Manage Network Connections
B Provide File Access
C Control I/O Operations
D Manage Memory Allocation
Device drivers are software components that allow the operating system to communicate with hardware devices. They control the operation of input/output devices, translating OS commands into device-specific instructions for tasks like printing or storage.
What is the primary function of a system call like open()?
A Terminate a Process
B Allocate Memory
C Open a File
D Read Data
The open() system call is used to open a file for reading, writing, or both. It returns a file descriptor that allows the process to access the file and perform operations like reading or writing.
What is the benefit of using a journaling file system?
A Improved Data Integrity
B Lower Resource Usage
C Faster Read/Write
D Smaller Disk Space
A journaling file system records changes to files in a journal before committing them to disk. This helps ensure data integrity by allowing the system to recover from crashes without data loss or corruption.