Introduction to Electronics & Communication Engineering (Set-9)
What is the primary function of a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) in electronic devices?
A Data storage
B Component interconnection
C Signal amplification
D Power supply
The primary function of a PCB is to electrically connect and mechanically support electronic components using conductive tracks. It serves as the backbone of most modern electronic devices, providing pathways for signals and power distribution.
What is the primary use of an oscilloscope in circuit testing?
A Measure current
B Test resistors
C Display waveforms
D Measure voltage
An oscilloscope is used to visualize electrical signals in the form of waveforms. It helps in analyzing the behavior of signals over time, making it crucial for testing circuits and troubleshooting electronic components.
Which of the following components is used to store electrical energy temporarily in a circuit?
A Capacitor
B Transistor
C Resistor
D Diode
A capacitor stores electrical energy in an electric field and releases it when needed. It is used in various applications, including filtering signals, smoothing power supplies, and coupling signals between different parts of a circuit.
What type of signal does an analog circuit typically process?
A Digital signals
B Discrete signals
C Continuous signals
D Binary signals
Analog circuits process continuous signals, where the voltage or current varies smoothly over time. These signals can take any value within a given range, unlike digital signals, which are discrete.
What is the function of a resistor in a circuit?
A Amplify signals
B Convert voltage to current
C Store electrical energy
D Limit current flow
A resistor limits the flow of electrical current in a circuit. It is used to control the amount of current that passes through components, preventing damage and ensuring the safe operation of the circuit.
What is the purpose of signal modulation in communication systems?
A Increase power
B Transmit signals efficiently
C Increase noise
D Filter signals
Modulation is used to encode information onto a carrier signal, allowing it to be transmitted over long distances. It enables efficient data transmission in various communication systems, including radio, television, and wireless networks.
What is the main advantage of using multilayer PCBs in electronic devices?
A Reduced signal interference
B Higher voltage
C Smaller size
D Faster data processing
Multilayer PCBs allow more components to be placed in a smaller space by stacking multiple layers of circuitry. This reduces the overall size of the device while maintaining performance and complexity, commonly used in compact electronic devices.
What does the term ‘impedance’ refer to in an analog circuit?
A Voltage variation
B Total opposition to alternating current
C Resistance to current flow
D Power generation
Impedance is the total opposition to alternating current (AC) in a circuit. It combines both resistance and reactance, which affects how signals are transmitted, especially in AC circuits like those in audio and radio systems.
What is the main purpose of a voltage regulator in a circuit?
A Ensure consistent voltage
B Store voltage
C Generate power
D Convert current
A voltage regulator maintains a stable output voltage despite fluctuations in input voltage or changes in load. It is essential for protecting sensitive electronic components from voltage spikes or drops.
What is the purpose of a microcontroller in embedded systems?
A Store data
B Amplify signals
C Perform processing tasks
D Regulate power
A microcontroller is used in embedded systems to perform specific processing tasks. It reads input data from sensors, makes decisions based on programmed logic, and controls outputs like motors or displays in various applications.
Which of the following is a key characteristic of digital signals?
A Variable phase
B Infinite frequency
C Amplify the input signal
D Discrete values
Digital signals have discrete values, usually represented as binary 0s and 1s. This makes them less susceptible to noise, easier to store and process, and ideal for modern computing and communication systems.
What is the main function of an amplifier in an electronic circuit?
A Convert signals
B Generate power
C Amplify the input signal
D Filter noise
An amplifier increases the amplitude of an input signal, making it stronger and more suitable for further processing or transmission. It is commonly used in audio equipment, radio communication, and other electronic devices.
What is the purpose of a diode in a circuit?
A Regulate power
B Allow current in one direction
C Store data
D Amplify signals
A diode allows current to flow in only one direction, making it essential in rectification circuits. It is used to convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC), which is required by most electronic devices.
Which of the following materials is commonly used in semiconductor devices?
A Silicon
B Gold
C Copper
D Aluminum
Silicon is the most commonly used material in semiconductor devices due to its ability to conduct electricity under certain conditions. It is the foundation for most modern electronics, including microchips, transistors, and diodes.
What is the primary role of an inductor in an analog circuit?
A Convert voltage
B Store energy in an electric field
C Control current flow
D Store energy in a magnetic field
An inductor stores energy in a magnetic field when current flows through it. It resists changes in current and is commonly used in filters, oscillators, and power supply circuits to smooth out voltage fluctuations.