Hydraulics and Hydraulic Machines MCQs (Part-3)

What is the primary purpose of a hydraulic turbine?

A To store water
B To increase water pressure
C To convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy
D To measure fluid velocity

What type of fluid flow occurs in an open channel?

A Free-surface flow
B Pressurized flow
C Laminar flow
D Supersonic flow

What happens during a water hammer event?

A Pressure drops suddenly
B A shock wave travels through the pipe
C Fluid speed increases
D Water temperature rises

What is the function of a draft tube in a reaction turbine?

A Increases fluid velocity
B Controls water flow
C Reduces cavitation
D Converts kinetic energy to pressure energy

What is the main advantage of a Pelton wheel turbine?

A Efficient at high heads
B Works at low head
C Handles high flow rates
D Requires large space

What is the term for energy loss due to friction in a pipeline?

A Turbulence loss
B Head loss
C Velocity loss
D Pressure drop

Which device is used to measure the velocity of flow in an open channel?

A Pitot tube
B Orifice meter
C Venturi meter
D Float-type flowmeter

What is the role of a spillway in a dam?

A Stores water
B Generates power
C Releases excess water
D Controls water quality

What type of turbine is commonly used for medium-head applications?

A Pelton turbine
B Francis turbine
C Kaplan turbine
D Cross-flow turbine

What is the primary function of governing in turbines?

A To increase turbine efficiency
B To improve power transmission
C To reduce head loss
D To maintain constant speed

What is cavitation in hydraulic machines?

A Formation of air bubbles
B Sudden temperature rise
C Increase in water pressure
D Loss of fluid velocity

What is the purpose of pump priming?

A To adjust turbine speed
B To remove air from the pump
C To fill the reservoir
D To regulate fluid density

What is “specific speed” in hydraulic machines?

A A dimensionless number for performance comparison
B Speed of turbine in RPM
C Maximum water velocity
D Minimum operating speed

What is the function of a hydraulic gate in a canal?

A Increases water velocity
B Stores excess water
C Controls water flow
D Measures fluid density

What happens to fluid velocity in a Venturi meter?

A Increases in the throat
B Decreases at the inlet
C Remains constant
D Drops to zero