Hydraulics and Hydraulic Machines MCQs (Part-13)

What is the primary function of a centrifugal pump?

A Regulate flow rate
B Increase pressure
C Increase water velocity
D Convert mechanical energy into fluid energy

What is the primary cause of cavitation in hydraulic systems?

A High flow rate
B High water temperature
C Low fluid pressure
D High fluid viscosity

What type of turbine is used in high-head, low-flow applications?

A Turgo turbine
B Pelton wheel
C Francis turbine
D Kaplan turbine

What is the purpose of a surge tank in a hydraulic system?

A Absorb pressure fluctuations
B Store energy
C Regulate flow rate
D Increase water flow

What is the primary characteristic of a reaction turbine?

A Blades are fixed and do not move
B Water flows tangentially to the blades
C Both pressure and kinetic energy contribute to energy conversion
D Water is directed through nozzles

What happens during a hydraulic jump in an open channel?

A Water velocity decreases, and depth increases
B Pressure increases
C Water depth decreases
D Water velocity increases

How does a fluid coupling work in mechanical systems?

A Smooths power transmission by using fluid
B Transmits power using mechanical gears
C Regulates fluid flow rate
D Absorbs fluid pressure

What does “specific speed” refer to in turbines?

A Speed of water entering the turbine
B Turbine’s rotational speed
C Speed of the fluid leaving the turbine
D Dimensionless number that helps classify turbines

What is the effect of head loss in a hydraulic system?

A Decreases pressure and flow
B Increases efficiency
C Increases pressure
D Increases fluid velocity

What does a velocity diagram represent in a turbine?

A Energy conversion efficiency
B Changes in water velocity through the turbine
C Water pressure distribution
D Fluid density changes

What is the main characteristic of a centrifugal pump?

A Operates at a constant speed
B Adjustable blades
C Flow rate varies with pressure
D Positive displacement

What is the primary cause of water hammer in pipelines?

A High water temperature
B Increased fluid velocity
C Sudden valve closure
D Fluid viscosity

What does a hydraulic structure like a dam typically control?

A Water flow, level, and pressure
B Fluid velocity
C Fluid density
D Water flow, level, and pressure

What is the primary purpose of a spillway in a dam?

A Store water
B Release excess water safely
C Increase power generation
D Regulate flow rates

What does a surge tank prevent in a hydraulic system?

A Water hammer
B Energy dissipation
C Fluid evaporation
D Water quality loss