Geology for Civil Engineers (Part-5)

Which type of rock is formed by the cooling of magma beneath the Earth’s surface?

A Sedimentary
B Igneous
C Metamorphic
D Volcanic

What is the primary cause of rock weathering?

A Tectonic movement
B Metamorphism
C Chemical reactions
D Water infiltration

What is a characteristic of sedimentary rocks?

A They are formed from cooled magma
B They are formed by heat and pressure
C They often contain fossils
D They are very hard and dense

Which of the following is the most common cause of soil erosion?

A Plant growth
B Water
C Wind
D Pressure

What is the purpose of a geophysical survey?

A To analyze subsurface features
B To measure rock hardness
C To map surface contours
D To detect mineral deposits

Which of the following minerals is most abundant in the Earth’s crust?

A Quartz
B Iron
C Feldspar
D Talc

What is the primary characteristic of a fault?

A It is a type of rock
B It is an igneous rock
C It is a crack in the Earth’s crust
D It is a type of mineral

Which of the following is used to measure the density of soil?

A Proctor test
B Sieve analysis
C Soil compaction test
D Pycnometer test

What does the term “borehole” refer to in site investigation?

A A hole drilled into the ground to collect soil or rock samples
B A method of measuring water flow
C A tool for measuring temperature
D A type of seismic wave

What type of rock is formed by the alteration of existing rocks due to heat and pressure?

A Sedimentary
B Fossilized
C Metamorphic
D Igneous

Which of the following is a major factor in determining the type of soil?

A Rock type
B Climate
C Vegetation
D Temperature

What is the most common method for measuring groundwater levels?

A Borehole analysis
B Seismic waves
C Piezoelectric sensors
D Water table observation

What is the primary effect of erosion on landforms?

A Degradation and loss of soil
B Creation of mountains
C Formation of fossils
D Expansion of glaciers

What type of soil is known for being easily eroded?

A Clay
B Loam
C Sand
D Gravel

What is the primary function of structural geology in civil engineering?

A To understand the deformation of rocks
B To analyze soil properties
C To study the movement of tectonic plates
D To design building foundations