Geology for Civil Engineers (Part-12)

What is the most important factor in determining the stability of a slope?

A Soil texture
B Slope angle
C Soil moisture
D Vegetation

What is the primary function of stratigraphy in geology?

A To study rock deformation
B To map surface topography
C To study rock layers and their sequence
D To detect groundwater levels

What is the term for the breakdown of rocks by physical processes?

A Weathering
B Erosion
C Lithification
D Metamorphism

Which rock type is commonly associated with the formation of caves?

A Granite
B Limestone
C Basalt
D Sandstone

What geophysical method is used to measure the depth of the Earth’s crust?

A Seismic waves
B Borehole logging
C Magnetometry
D Remote sensing

What is the term for the gradual sinking of the Earth’s crust due to the weight of overlying material?

A Subsidence
B Faulting
C Uplift
D Erosion

Which type of rock forms from cooling and solidification of lava at Earth’s surface?

A Sedimentary
B Igneous
C Metamorphic
D Organic

What is the primary method for measuring soil permeability?

A Proctor test
B Sieve analysis
C Permeameter test
D X-ray diffraction

What is the primary cause of soil compaction?

A High moisture content
B High temperature
C Low organic matter
D Heavy machinery

Which rock type is most commonly associated with the formation of petroleum?

A Igneous
B Sedimentary
C Metamorphic
D Volcanic

What is the main characteristic of core sampling?

A Collects soil samples for chemical analysis
B Measures seismic activity
C Extracts a cylindrical sample from deep underground
D Detects groundwater contamination

What geological feature is formed by the deposition of sediment carried by water?

A Canyon
B Delta
C Volcano
D Fault

Which of the following is a key characteristic of sedimentary rocks?

A Formed under heat and pressure
B Formed from cooling magma
C High density
D Contain fossilized remains

What type of soil is most likely to be found in a desert environment?

A Sand
B Clay
C Loam
D Peat

What is the term used for the sudden release of energy from the Earth’s crust?

A Volcanic eruption
B Landslide
C Earthquake
D Tsunami