Ohm’s law states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it. The formula is V = I * R, where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance. This relationship helps determine the behavior of resistive circuits.
What is the primary purpose of Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)?
A Current Conservation
B Voltage Conservation
C Power Conservation
D Energy Transfer
Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) states that the sum of currents entering a junction in an electrical circuit is equal to the sum of currents leaving the junction. It is based on the principle of conservation of electric charge.
What does Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) describe?
A Energy Conservation
B Current Flow in a Circuit
C Voltage Distribution in a Loop
D Total Voltage in a Circuit
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) states that the sum of all voltages around any closed loop or mesh in a circuit must equal zero. This law is based on the principle of energy conservation.
In a series circuit, what happens to the total resistance?
A Decreases
B Increases
C Changes randomly
D Stays the same
In a series circuit, the total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances. This results in an increase in total resistance as more resistors are added in series.
What happens to the voltage in a parallel circuit?
A Varies with resistance
B Increases
C Stays the same
D Decreases
In a parallel circuit, the voltage across all components remains the same. The current is divided among the parallel branches, but the voltage across each branch is equal to the source voltage.
What is the main characteristic of an inductive circuit?
A Resists change in voltage
B Creates AC current
C Stores energy as heat
D Resists change in current
Inductive circuits are characterized by their ability to resist changes in current. Inductors store energy in a magnetic field and oppose any sudden changes in current flow, causing a delay in the response.
What is a capacitive circuit known for?
A Storing energy as electric field
B Storing energy as magnetic field
C Maintaining constant voltage
D Resisting current flow
Capacitive circuits store energy in the form of an electric field between two conductive plates. Capacitors resist changes in voltage and are used to filter or smooth electrical signals.
Which component stores energy in a magnetic field?
A Resistor
B Diode
C Inductor
D Capacitor
An inductor stores energy in the form of a magnetic field when current flows through it. This property is utilized in inductive circuits, such as transformers and motors.
What does transient analysis in a circuit study?
A Short-term variations in current and voltage
B Maximum current in a circuit
C Power consumption
D Long-term voltage stability
Transient analysis studies the short-term response of a circuit when it is subjected to changes like switching on/off, or sudden voltage/current variations. This analysis helps understand how circuits react to such disturbances.
In a sinusoidal AC circuit, what represents the peak voltage?
A Zero Crossing
B RMS Value
C Amplitude
D Average Value
In a sinusoidal AC circuit, the peak voltage is the maximum voltage value the signal reaches. It is also known as the amplitude, representing the highest point of the sinusoidal waveform.
What is the primary function of a transformer in a circuit?
A Convert AC to DC
B Step-up or step-down voltage
C Control power flow
D Store energy
A transformer’s primary function is to step-up or step-down the voltage in an AC circuit. It uses electromagnetic induction to transfer energy between two circuits at different voltage levels without changing frequency.
What is impedance in an AC circuit?
A Voltage across components
B Inductance in the circuit
C Total opposition to current flow
D Resistance to current flow
Impedance is the total opposition to current flow in an AC circuit, including both resistance and reactance. It determines how much current will flow for a given voltage in AC circuits.
What does a resistor do in a circuit?
A Controls voltage
B Creates a magnetic field
C Stores energy
D Limits current
A resistor in a circuit limits or regulates the flow of electric current. By providing a specific amount of resistance, it helps control the current to prevent damage to other components.
What is the power factor in an AC circuit?
A Ratio of real power to apparent power
B Maximum power in a circuit
C Total energy consumption
D Ratio of resistance to reactance
The power factor in an AC circuit is the ratio of real power (active power) to apparent power (total power). A power factor of 1 indicates efficient power usage, with no reactive losses.
What is the function of an electrical filter?
A Store energy for later use
B Remove unwanted frequencies
C Control current flow
D Increase power output
An electrical filter removes unwanted frequencies from a signal. It is used in various applications, such as signal processing, communication systems, and power supplies, to ensure that only desired frequencies are passed through.